Biology Unit 1 Ecology Take 2 Test

During a laboratory investigation, students examined the effects of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant. Students took 20 stems from an aquatic plant and submerged them in separate test tubes of pond water. Sodium bicarbonate was added to 10 of the test tubes to increate the level of carbon dioxide in the tubes. All test tubes were placed 10 cm away from the light source. The rate of photosynthesis was determined by counting the number of bubbles produced in one minute. The number of bubbles counted by both groups was averaged, and the results were recorded below.

Average number of bubbles produced in one minute (No Sodium Bicarbonate added to the test tube) = 190

Average number of bubbles produced in one minute (Sodium Bicarbonate added to test tube) = 252

Which of the following inferences can be made based on the information provided above?

• The rate of photosynthesis increases exponentially as carbon dioxide levels increase.

• The rate of photosynthesis is unaffected by increases in carbon dioxide levels.

• The rate of photosynthesis increases as the concentration of carbon dioxide increases.

• The rate of photosynthesis decreases as the concentration of carbon dioxide increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Which of the following is NOT true of photosynthesis?

• Every step of photosynthesis requires light.

• Carbon dioxide enters the plant through stomata in the leaves and stems.

• Water enters the plant through the root hairs in the soil.

• Water may be produced during photosynthesis.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

During a botany project, a student placed a clear plastic bag over a green potted plant for three days. Which of the following hypotheses might the student be trying to test?

• Plants produce glucose during photosynthesis.

• The color of light affects photosynthesis.

• The amount of water a plant receives affects photosynthesis.

• Plants lose water via transpiration through their leaves.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Ecosystems are dynamic, and various factors—both biotic and abiotic—can have serious effects on their stability. Which of the following lists ONLY abiotic factors that can affect ecosystems?

• temperature, soil pH, and types of producers

• oxygen availability, amount of light, and amount of available water

• floods, types of decomposers, and droughts

• fires, types of autotrophs, and water salinity

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Ecological succession typically begins with a pioneer stage and ends with a climax stage. Which of the following BEST describes organisms in the climax stage?

• Organisms in the climax stage are typically smaller than organisms in the pioneer stage.

• Organisms in the climax stage typically have shorter life spans than organisms in the pioneer stage.

• Organisms in the climax stage typically have simpler life cycles than organisms in the pioneer stage.

• Organisms in the climax stage typically have lower metabolic rates than organisms in the pioneer stage.

A forest food web is illustrated below. Which of the following describes how energy might flow through this food web?

• mountain lion → snake → rabbit → shrub

• squirrel → hawk → shrew → grasshopper

• shrub → deer → mountain lion → hawk

• grass → rabbit → snake → mountain lion

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Ecosystems include herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores. Which of the following identifies the correct trophic level for carnivores?

• primary consumers

• secondary consumers

• producers

• decomposers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

In an ecosystem, matter such as oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen is cyclic. Nitrogen is the most abundant of the gases that make up our atmosphere, and undergoes the processes shown in the figure below. Which of the following is true of the nitrogen cycle?

• Decomposers convert nitrogen into a form that organisms can use.

• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen into a form that organisms can use.

• Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrogen into a form that organisms can use.

• Atmospheric nitrogen exists in a form that organisms can use.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

All organisms on Earth can be arranged into five levels of organization. Which of the following levels includes all of the other levels?

• ecosystem

• biosphere

• population

• community

Krill are small crustaceans that are found in all of the world's oceans. Krill feed on phytoplankton, and are an important food source for many creatures. According to the above description, which of the following terms BEST describes krill?

• a. tertiary consumers

• b. secondary consumers

• c. producers

• d. primary consumers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2