Science USA 1 Review

Linda hypothesizes that planting lavender flowers around cucumber plants will reduce the number of insects that feed on the cucumbers. Which observation would most strongly support Linda's hypothesis?

• A count of 15 insects before lavender is planted and 8 insects after lavender is planted.

• A count of 15 insects before lavender is planted and 15 insects after lavender is planted.

• A count of 12 cucumber plants before lavender is planted and 6 cucumber plants after lavender is planted.

• A count of 12 cucumber plants before lavender is planted and 18 cucumber plants after lavender is planted.

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Maria and Carlos conducted a study together. They captured moths that were drawn to either white light or yellow light and documented the data. Their findings are displayed in the graph below. Which of the following conclusions is accurate based on the graph?

• The number of moths caught per day using yellow light decreased after the fifth day.

• Only white moths are drawn to white light.

• Captured moths are more attracted to yellow light.

• The number of moths caught per day using white light decreased consistently each day.

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Scientists are investigating how the length of daily sunlight impacts the growth of plants. Four plants of the same species and at the same growth stage were used in the experiment. They were planted in identical soil conditions and watered equally at the same time each day. Based on the data, what conclusion can be drawn from this experiment?

• Plants grow better with less sunlight.

• Plants exposed to more sunlight hours grow more.

• Plants can grow without sunlight.

• Plants exposed to more than seven hours of sunlight will not grow.

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Polar foxes change their fur color with the seasons, growing brown fur in summer and white fur in winter. What survival trait does this demonstrate?

• adaptation

• hibernation

• metamorphosis

• migration

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In a certain habitat, butterflies can be either blue or yellow. Due to environmental changes, blue butterflies have become more visible to predators. What is the most likely outcome for this butterfly population?

• The number of yellow butterflies will increase.

• The blue butterflies will start reproducing more quickly.

• The blue butterflies will change their color to yellow.

• Both blue and yellow butterflies will become extinct.

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As global temperatures rise, a particular mosquito species begins to breed earlier and for longer periods each year. Which phrase best describes this change in the mosquito's life cycle?

• a species gaining a competitive advantage over predators

• a species losing habitat

• a species adapting to changes in an environment

• a species overpopulating

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In a certain region, speckled moths exist in two color variations: light and dark. Historically, the light-colored moths were more prevalent due to their ability to blend in with the lighter trees, avoiding predators. However, industrialization led to soot-covered trees, darkening their surfaces. What adaptation did the speckled moths most likely undergo in response to this environmental change?

• more dark-colored moths survived

• more larger-sized moths survived

• more smaller-sized moths survived

• more light-colored moths survived

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Why do many plants in tropical rainforests have very large leaves?

• by collecting sunlight for making food

• by attracting insects for pollination

• by hiding the stems from predators

• by shading the stems and roots from heat

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Scientists studied a population of wild rabbits in a restricted area. Some rabbits had dark fur, while others had light fur. Which of the following best explains the trend shown in the graph?

• A change in the environment made one fur color more noticeable to predators than the other.

• A change in the environment destroyed most of the vegetation the rabbits feed on.

• A change in the environment led to the introduction of a non-native species.

• A change in the environment decreased the water supply available to the rabbits.

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Chameleons are reptiles known for their ability to change skin color. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of this ability?

• to improve climbing skills

• to assist in hunting prey

• to attract a partner

• to avoid predators

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