02a Structure of the Circulatory System & Composition of Blood

What is the primary role of the circulatory system in complex multicellular organisms?

• To synthesise proteins

• To transport nutrients and remove waste products

• To store energy

• To regulate body temperature

Which of the following best describes the structure of the human heart?

• A hollow organ made of smooth muscle

• A solid organ made of skeletal muscle

• A hollow organ made of cardiac muscle

• A solid organ made of voluntary muscle

What role does the pulmonary circuit play in the human body?

• To supply oxygenated blood to the heart

• To oxygenate blood in the lungs

• To filter toxins from the blood

• To transport carbon dioxide to the liver

The component of blood primarily responsible for oxygen transport is (a)  

• White blood cells
• Plasma
• Platelets
• Red blood cells

The main function of white blood cells in the circulatory system is to (a)  

• To transport oxygen
• To carry nutrients
• To fight infections
• To clot blood

Which of the following statements about haemoglobin is true?

• It is a protein that transports glucose

• It is a lipid that stores energy

• It is a protein that carries oxygen

• It is a carbohydrate that provides structure

What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?

• To transport carbon dioxide

• To initiate blood clotting

• To carry hormones

• To regulate pH levels

In the systemic circuit, what is the primary role of the arteries?

• To carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs

• To transport oxygenated blood to body tissues

• To remove waste products from the body

• To store excess nutrients

What is the significance of the biconcave shape of red blood cells?

• It allows them to store more nutrients

• It increases their surface area for gas exchange

• It enables them to divide rapidly

• It helps them to produce energy

What is the role of plasma in the blood?

• To carry oxygen

• To transport nutrients and waste

• To initiate blood clotting

• To fight infections