Exploring Valence Bond Theory

What is Valence Bond Theory?

• Valence Bond Theory focuses on the repulsion between electrons in a molecule.

• Valence Bond Theory is a method for predicting molecular shapes based on atomic sizes.

• Valence Bond Theory describes the formation of covalent bonds through the overlap of atomic orbitals and the pairing of electrons.

• Valence Bond Theory explains the behavior of ionic bonds through electron transfer.

How does the H2 molecule form according to Valence Bond Theory?

• The H2 molecule is created by the reaction of hydrogen gas with oxygen.

• The H2 molecule forms through the fusion of hydrogen nuclei.

• The H2 molecule forms through the overlap of 1s orbitals from two hydrogen atoms, allowing their electrons to pair and create a covalent bond.

• The H2 molecule forms when hydrogen atoms lose their electrons completely.

What type of bond is formed in the HF molecule?

• Metallic bond

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Polar covalent bond

Describe the formation of the F2 molecule using Valence Bond Theory.

• The F2 molecule is formed by the overlap of two 2p orbitals from each fluorine atom, creating a sigma bond through the sharing of one pair of electrons.

• The F2 molecule forms when fluorine atoms share three pairs of electrons.

• The F2 molecule is created through ionic bonding between fluorine atoms.

• The F2 molecule is formed by the overlap of two 3s orbitals from each fluorine atom.

What are sigma bonds and how do they differ from pi bonds?

• Sigma bonds can exist without pi bonds, but pi bonds cannot exist without sigma bonds.

• Sigma bonds are stronger and formed by head-on overlap of orbitals, while pi bonds are weaker and formed by side-to-side overlap.

• Sigma bonds are formed by side-to-side overlap of orbitals, while pi bonds are formed by head-on overlap.

• Pi bonds are stronger and formed by head-on overlap of orbitals, while sigma bonds are weaker and formed by side-to-side overlap.

Explain the concept of hybridization in chemistry.

• Hybridization refers to the formation of ionic bonds between atoms.

• Hybridization is the alignment of electrons in a magnetic field.

• Hybridization is the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals for bonding.

• Hybridization is the process of splitting atomic orbitals into smaller parts.

What is the hybridization of the central atom in the H2O molecule?

• sp

• s

• sp2

• sp3

How does the formation of O2 involve sigma and pi bonds?

• O2 is formed by three pi bonds only.

• The formation of O2 involves two sigma bonds.

• O2 contains only one sigma bond and no pi bonds.

• The formation of O2 involves one sigma bond and one pi bond.

What is the significance of overlapping atomic orbitals in Valence Bond Theory?

• Overlapping atomic orbitals enable the formation of covalent bonds by increasing electron density between nuclei.

• Overlapping atomic orbitals only affect ionic bonds.

• Overlapping atomic orbitals decrease electron density between nuclei.

• Overlapping atomic orbitals are irrelevant in bond formation.

List one limitation of Valence Bond Theory.

• It explains the behavior of ionic compounds.

• It provides a detailed description of electron delocalization.

• It cannot explain the magnetic properties of molecules.

• It accurately predicts molecular shapes.