LUCA AP Bio Whole Group

What does LUCA stand for?

• Last Universal Common Ancestor

• Last Universal Created Animal

• Lengthy Uniform Cohesive Antiparallel

• Last Uniform Created Analogies

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

What were the conditions on early Earth that may have led to the spontaneous formation of carbon compounds?

• High concentrations of oxygen and ozone

• Low concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane

• High concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane

• Low concentrations of oxygen and ozone

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-6

What were the necessary requirements for the evolution of the first cells?

• Formation of carbon compounds, self-replication of molecules, polymerization, and emergence of compartmentalization

• High concentrations of oxygen and low concentrations of ozone

• The formation of DNA

• High concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Why is the formation of a membrane-bound compartment important for the origin of life?

• It allows internal chemistry to be different from that outside the compartment

• It allows for the replication of RNA

• It allows for the formation of carbon compounds

• It allows for the emergence of compartmentalization

What is RNA's role in the presumed first genetic material?

• It acts as the genetic material and the enzymes of the earliest cells

• It acts as the catalyst for peptide bond formation

• It acts as the membrane-bound compartment

• It acts as the last universal common ancestor

What is evidence for a last universal common ancestor? (select all that apply)

• The presence of the universal genetic code

• The presence of shared genes across all organisms

• The presence of fossilized evidence from hydrothermal vents

• The DNA analysis of actual LUCA cells

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

What approaches are used to estimate the dates of the first living cells and the last universal common ancestor?

• Radiocarbon dating and fossil analysis

• Genomic analysis and fossil analysis

• Radiocarbon dating and genomic analysis

• Fossil analysis and geological analysis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

What is the main evidence for the evolution of the last universal common ancestor in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents?

• Fossilized evidence of life from ancient seafloor hydrothermal vent precipitates

• Fossilized evidence of life from ancient deserts

• Fossilized evidence of life from ancient forests

• Fossilized evidence of life from ancient oceans

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

What is the main challenge in explaining the spontaneous origin of cells?

• The exact conditions on pre-biotic Earth cannot be replicated

• The first protocells did not fossilize

• The absence of carbon compounds

• The absence of catalysis and self-replication

What is the main purpose of the Miller-Urey experiment?

• To evaluate the spontaneous formation of vesicles

• To evaluate the spontaneous formation of carbon compounds

• To evaluate the spontaneous formation of RNA

• To evaluate the spontaneous formation of cells

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6