Understanding Stroke Volume and Its Factors

What is the average stroke volume per beat in a healthy adult?

• 50 mL

• 70 mL

• 90 mL

• 110 mL

Which formula correctly represents the calculation of stroke volume (SV)?

Which factor primarily affects the End Diastolic Volume (EDV)?

• Afterload

• Contractility

• Preload

• Heart Rate

What does preload refer to in the context of stroke volume?

• The pressure the ventricles must overcome to eject blood

• The degree of stretch of the heart muscle before contraction

• The strength of contraction at a given length

• The volume of blood remaining in the ventricle after systole

Which factor affects the End Systolic Volume (ESV)?

• Preload

• Contractility

• Heart Rate

• Blood Pressure

What is the effect of increased preload on stroke volume?

• Decreases stroke volume

• Increases stroke volume

• No effect on stroke volume

• Decreases heart rate

Which of the following is NOT a factor that regulates stroke volume?

• Preload

• Contractility

• Afterload

• Blood Type

What is the role of contractility in the heart?

• It affects the degree of stretch before contraction

• It affects the strength of contraction at a given length

• It affects the pressure needed to open the aortic valve

• It affects the heart rate

How does afterload affect the heart?

• It increases the End Diastolic Volume

• It decreases the End Systolic Volume

• It increases the pressure the ventricles must overcome to eject blood

• It decreases the heart rate

Which ion is mentioned as affecting contractility?

• Na+

• K+

• Ca2+

• Cl-