MCCP Section 1 - Smartphone article

The rationale for our hypothesis is (1)________. A large body of research shows that when tasks are more difficult, people tend to respond by focusing more intently on the most essential aspects of the task in lieu of peripheral information (e.g., Castiello and Umilt`a 1990; Chen, Liao, and Yeh 2011; Murphy, Groeger, and Greene 2016).

• 1. 1.as follows

• 1. 1.listed as below

• 1. 1.explained in this way

• 1.the following

The rationale for our hypothesis is as follows. A large body of research shows that when tasks are more difficult, people tend to respond by focusing more (2)________ on the most essential aspects of the task in lieu of peripheral information (e.g., Castiello and Umilt`a 1990; Chen, Liao, and Yeh 2011; Murphy, Groeger, and Greene 2016). (3) ___ ____, the relative difficulty of engaging in activities on a smartphone due to its smaller keyboard and screen may similarly narrow users’ attention to the task they are engaging in on the device.

• 2. 2.intentionally

• 1. 2.intently

• 1. 2.severely

• 2.concentration

A large body of research shows that when tasks are more difficult, people tend to respond by focusing more (2)________ on the most essential aspects of the task in lieu of peripheral information (e.g., Castiello and Umilt`a 1990; Chen, Liao, and Yeh 2011; Murphy, Groeger, and Greene 2016). (3) ___ ____, the relative difficulty of engaging in activities on a smartphone due to its smaller keyboard and screen may similarly narrow users’ attention to the task they are engaging in on the device.

• 2. 3.Therefore

• 1. 3.As such

• 1. 3.For this reason

• 3.Previously

The rationale for our hypothesis is as follows. A large body of research shows that when tasks are more difficult, people tend to respond by focusing more intently on the most essential aspects of the task in lieu of peripheral information (e.g., Castiello and Umilt`a 1990; Chen, Liao, and Yeh 2011; Murphy, Groeger, and Greene 2016). As such, the relative difficulty of engaging in activities on a smartphone due to its smaller keyboard and screen may similarly narrow users’ attention to the task they are engaging in on the device. (4) ___________, research shows that smartphone users often experience “inattentional blindness” when using their device, narrowing their focus to the activity onscreen while blocking out external surroundings (e.g., Hyman et al. 2010; Lin and Huang 2017). As an illustration of this narrowing effect, a large-scale field study found that 46% of pedestrians who were on their smartphone failed to notice a unicycling clown passing within one meter of them (Chen and Pai 2018).

• 2. 3.Therefore

• 1. 4.Consistent with this

• 1. 4.Conversely

• 4.Same as this

The rationale for our hypothesis is as follows. A large body of research shows that when tasks are more difficult, people tend to respond by focusing more intently on the most essential aspects of the task in lieu of peripheral information (e.g., Castiello and Umilt`a 1990; Chen, Liao, and Yeh 2011; Murphy, Groeger, and Greene 2016). As such, the relative difficulty of engaging in activities on a smartphone due to its smaller keyboard and screen may similarly narrow users’ attention to the task they are engaging in on the device. (4) ___________, research shows that smartphone users often experience “inattentional blindness” when using their device, (5) _________ their focus to the activity onscreen while _________ external surroundings (e.g., Hyman et al. 2010; Lin and Huang 2017). As an illustration of this narrowing effect, a large-scale field study found that 46% of pedestrians who were on their smartphone failed to notice a unicycling clown passing within one meter of them (Chen and Pai 2018).

• 2. 5.narrow....block out

• 1. 5.narrowing....blocking out

• 1. 5.narrowed....blocked out

• 1. 5.narrows....blocks out

The rationale for our hypothesis is as follows. A large body of research shows that when tasks are more difficult, people tend to respond by focusing more intently on the most essential aspects of the task in lieu of peripheral information (e.g., Castiello and Umilt`a 1990; Chen, Liao, and Yeh 2011; Murphy, Groeger, and Greene 2016). As such, the relative difficulty of engaging in activities on a smartphone due to its smaller keyboard and screen may similarly narrow users’ attention to the task they are engaging in on the device. Consistent with this, research shows that smartphone users often experience “inattentional blindness” when using their device, narrowing their focus to the activity onscreen while blocking out external surroundings (e.g., Hyman et al. 2010; Lin and Huang 2017). As an illustration of this narrowing effect, a large-scale field study (6) ______ that 46% of pedestrians who ______ on their smartphone __________ a unicycling clown passing within one meter of them (Chen and Pai 2018).

• 2. 6.found....were....failed to notice

• 1. 6.finds....are....fail to notice

• 1. 6.proved....were....could not notice

• 1. 6.proves....are....cannot notice