Quarter 1 Post-Test Study Guide

Hammurabi’s code affected different social classes in Mesopotamia in various ways. Which group faced harsher punishments when crimes were committed against them?

• Patricians

• Plebeians

Answer explanation

In Hammurabi's code, Plebeians faced harsher punishments for crimes against them compared to Patricians. This reflects the social hierarchy where lower classes received more severe penalties.

Chandragupta’s tax system helped support his government. What taxes were collected?

• 25% of Crops plus a sales tax

• 10% of Crops plus a property tax

• 15% of Crops plus an income tax

• 20% of Crops plus a luxury tax

Answer explanation

Chandragupta's tax system included a significant collection of 25% of crops along with a sales tax, which provided substantial revenue to support his government and maintain stability.

Select the correct order of the Egyptian social order from highest to lowest.

• Merchants and Artisans

• Scribes

• Nobles, Priests, Officials

• Farmers, servants, slaves

• • Pharaoh

Which of the following were similarities and differences between the reigns of Ramses II and Hatshepsut?

Groups:

(a) Hatshepsut

,

(b) Same

,

(c) Ramses II

• expanded through peace and trade

• expanded through war and force

• extended Egyptian influence

The Mandate of Heaven was a principle used to justify the rule of the Emperor of China. How did it work?

• It was a divine right to rule granted by the gods.

• It was a democratic election process.

• It was a hereditary succession system.

• It was a military conquest strategy.

Answer explanation

The Mandate of Heaven was a divine right to rule granted by the gods, legitimizing the emperor's authority. If a ruler became unjust or failed, it was believed that the gods would withdraw this mandate, justifying rebellion.

The domestication of plants and animals changed life for early humans in which two ways?

• led to the rise of civilizations

• that farming led to the surplus of livestock

• It increased the reliance on hunting.

• It resulted in a decrease in population.

Answer explanation

The domestication of plants and animals allowed for stable food sources, leading to population growth and the rise of civilizations. Additionally, farming created surpluses of livestock, supporting larger communities.

The Phonecians were able to spread their culture so easily because of their:

• Advanced military tactics

• Extensive trade networks

• Innovative agricultural practices

• Isolationist policies

Answer explanation

The Phoenicians spread their culture primarily through extensive trade networks, which allowed them to connect with various civilizations, share ideas, and influence cultures across the Mediterranean.

The Sumerian social hierarchy and religion were connected in which of the following ways?

• The priests held the highest position in society.

• Religion was separate from the social hierarchy.

• Merchants were considered religious leaders.

• Farmers were at the top of the social hierarchy.

Answer explanation

In Sumerian society, priests were at the top of the social hierarchy, as they were seen as intermediaries between the gods and the people, thus connecting religion directly to social status.

Which of the following are ethical values of Judaism that can be seen in the values of modern democratic societies?

• Justice, charity, and respect for human dignity

• Wealth accumulation, power, and individualism

• Isolationism, authoritarianism, and inequality

• Materialism, competition, and self-interest

Answer explanation

The ethical values of Judaism, such as justice, charity, and respect for human dignity, align closely with the principles of modern democratic societies, promoting fairness and compassion in social interactions.

The idea of Karma is that the effect of a person’s actions in this life and previous lives will follow that person to the next life. Karma can be:

• Only good

• Only bad

• Good or bad

• Neither good nor bad

Answer explanation

Karma encompasses the consequences of both good and bad actions from this life and previous ones. Therefore, it can be classified as 'Good or bad', reflecting the dual nature of actions and their effects.