4.1 Practice Test

Heliocentric Model

• Earth was the center of the universe and the Sun and planets orbited around it, Earth centered model, (Aristotle)
• Earth and the planets orbited the sun, sun centered model (Copernicus)
• denser materials sink to center and less dense materials rise or are forced to outer layers and atmosphere (separation), affected by gravity
• A rotating cloud of gas and dust that collapses due to gravity from which the Sun and planets formed, most dense at center

Geocentric Model

• Earth was the center of the universe and the Sun and planets orbited around it, Earth centered model, (Aristotle)
• Earth and the planets orbited the sun, sun centered model (Copernicus)
• denser materials sink to center and less dense materials rise or are forced to outer layers and atmosphere (separation), affected by gravity
• A rotating cloud of gas and dust that collapses due to gravity from which the Sun and planets formed, most dense at center

Planetesimal

• growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion
• denser materials sink to center and less dense materials rise or are forced to outer layers and atmosphere (separation), affected by gravity
• A small body from which a planet originated in the early stages of development of the solar system, formed from collisions of gas and dust
• A rotating cloud of gas and dust that collapses due to gravity from which the Sun and planets formed, most dense at center

Differentiated

• growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion
• denser materials sink to center and less dense materials rise or are forced to outer layers and atmosphere (separation), affected by gravity
• when cyanobacteria form unique colonies in shallow oceans; formed when layers of bacteria populate the surface of a mound and build up on top of each other
• A rotating cloud of gas and dust that collapses due to gravity from which the Sun and planets formed, most dense at center

Accretion

• growth or increase in size by gradual external addition, fusion, or inclusion
• denser materials sink to center and less dense materials rise or are forced to outer layers and atmosphere (separation), affected by gravity
• when cyanobacteria form unique colonies in shallow oceans; formed when layers of bacteria populate the surface of a mound and build up on top of each other
• A rotating cloud of gas and dust that collapses due to gravity from which the Sun and planets formed, most dense at center

Nebula

• denser materials sink to center and less dense materials rise or are forced to outer layers and atmosphere (separation), affected by gravity
• A small body from which a planet originated in the early stages of development of the solar system, formed from collisions of gas and dust
• when cyanobacteria form unique colonies in shallow oceans; formed when layers of bacteria populate the surface of a mound and build up on top of each other
• A rotating cloud of gas and dust that collapses due to gravity from which the Sun and planets formed, most dense at center

Stromatolites

• denser materials sink to center and less dense materials rise or are forced to outer layers and atmosphere (separation), affected by gravity
• A small body from which a planet originated in the early stages of development of the solar system, formed from collisions of gas and dust
• when cyanobacteria form unique colonies in shallow oceans; formed when layers of bacteria populate the surface of a mound and build up on top of each other
• A rotating cloud of gas and dust that collapses due to gravity from which the Sun and planets formed, most dense at center

Planets originated from _______________, and as they grew they turned into ______________________, which led them to become planets.

• rocks; boulders
• protoplanets; planetesimals
• planetesimals; protoplanets

What gases made up the first atmosphere?

• hydrogen and oxygen
• carbon dioxide and oxygen
• hydrogen and helium
• helium and oxygen

Which belt separates the terrestrial (inner) planets from the gas giants (outer planets)?

• Asteroid Belt
• Kuiper Belt
• Oort Cloud Belt
• Comet Belt