Physical Science | Midterm Practice 2

Define "Theory" in your own words.

• A guess or assumption without evidence.

• A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world.

• A mathematical formula used to calculate results.

• A simple observation of a phenomenon.

Answer explanation

A theory is not just a guess; it is a well-substantiated explanation based on evidence and observations, helping us understand aspects of the natural world.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What is the standard measurement system used by scientists globally?

• The Universal System of Measurement

• The Standard International Units

• The Metric System

• The Imperial System

Answer explanation

The Metric System is the standard measurement system used by scientists worldwide, providing a consistent framework for measurements in science, unlike the Imperial System which is less commonly used in scientific contexts.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What does the prefix "centi-" indicate in measurements?

• 1/10 of the base unit

• 1/100 of the base unit

• 1/1,000 of the base unit

• 1,000 times the base unit

Answer explanation

The prefix 'centi-' indicates 1/100 of the base unit. For example, a centimeter is one-hundredth of a meter, making '1/100 of the base unit' the correct choice.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

The amount of space an object occupies is its _____________.

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

• Weight

Answer explanation

The amount of space an object occupies is known as its volume. Mass refers to the amount of matter, density is mass per unit volume, and weight is the force of gravity on an object. Therefore, the correct answer is volume.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

The amount of matter in an object is its _____________.

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

• Weight

Answer explanation

The amount of matter in an object is referred to as its mass. Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter, while volume measures space occupied, density is mass per unit volume, and weight is the force of gravity on an object.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

The SI unit for volume of liquids is the _____________.

• Liter

• Gallon

• Cubic meter

• Milliliter

Answer explanation

The SI unit for volume of liquids is the Liter. It is widely used in scientific contexts, while other units like Gallon and Cubic meter are used in specific regions or applications. Milliliter is a smaller unit but not the SI base unit.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

The measure of how tightly packed matter is in an object is its _____________.

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

• Weight

Answer explanation

The measure of how tightly packed matter is in an object is called density. Density is defined as mass per unit volume, making it the correct choice over mass, volume, or weight.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What do scientists use to represent complex systems or phenomena?

• Facts

• Models

• Laws

• Hypotheses

Answer explanation

Scientists use models to represent complex systems or phenomena, as they simplify and simulate real-world processes, making them easier to understand and analyze. Other options like facts, laws, and hypotheses serve different purposes.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which statement about models is incorrect?

• Models can represent systems or phenomena that can't be directly observed.

• Models are always exact replicas of the real system.

• Models can be used to predict future events.

• Models can simplify complex systems for better understanding.

Answer explanation

The incorrect statement is that models are always exact replicas of the real system. In reality, models are simplifications or representations that help us understand and predict complex systems, not exact copies.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What is the base unit of mass in the Metric System?

• Gram

• Kilogram

• Milligram

• Ton

Answer explanation

The base unit of mass in the Metric System is the kilogram. It is the standard unit used for measuring mass, while grams and milligrams are subunits, and tons are larger units.

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DOK Level 1: Recall