Understanding Phage Life Cycles

What is the main characteristic of virulent phages?

• They integrate into the host genome.

• They lead to the death of the host cell through lysis.

• They transfer host DNA during the lysogenic cycle.

• They remain dormant in the host cell.

Which type of transduction involves the random transfer of DNA during the lytic cycle?

• Specialized transduction

• Generalized transduction

• Lysogenic transduction

• Latent transduction

What occurs at the end of the lysogenic cycle in specialized transduction?

• Random DNA is transferred.

• Host DNA can be transferred along with phage DNA.

• The phage DNA is destroyed.

• The host cell undergoes binary fission.

What is the role of temperate phages in the host cell?

• They immediately lyse the host cell.

• They become part of the host genome until induced to start making viral particles.

• They only infect bacterial cells.

• They cause immediate disease symptoms.

Which of the following best describes the lytic cycle?

• Integration of phage DNA into the host genome.

• Dormancy of the phage within the host cell.

• Rapid replication of phages leading to host cell lysis.

• Transfer of host DNA to another cell.

In which cycle do temperate phages remain latent within the host cell?

• Lytic cycle

• Lysogenic cycle

• Transduction cycle

• Replication cycle

What is a key difference between generalized and specialized transduction?

• Generalized transduction occurs during the lysogenic cycle.

• Specialized transduction can transfer specific host DNA.

• Generalized transduction involves specific DNA transfer.

• Specialized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle.

Which type of phage is capable of integrating into the host genome?

• Virulent phages

• Temperate phages

• Lytic phages

• Generalized phages

What happens to the host cell at the end of the lytic cycle?

• It becomes a lysogen.

• It undergoes lysis and releases new phages.

• It integrates phage DNA into its genome.

• It remains unaffected.

Which process is responsible for the transfer of random DNA fragments from one bacterium to another?

• Specialized transduction

• Generalized transduction

• Conjugation

• Transformation