Benchmark Review #1

What question did Edwin Hubble answer?

• Is Earth the center of the universe?

• Is the sun the center of the universe?

• How do the planets move in the solar system?

• Are there more galaxies beyond the Milky Way?

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Scientists used to believe in the Geocentric solar system, which placed Earth at the center.

Which TWO questions could be asked to disprove the theory?

• How far is the Sun from Earth?

• What causes night and day on Earth?

• What causes the Moon to change shapes?

• What other objects can be seen orbiting in the sky?

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Ms. Smith’s class is making a model of the solar system using different objects to represent different aspects of the solar system.  

Which is correct?

• The planets need to be much larger than the Sun and the planets need to be spread out equally. 

• The planets need to be much smaller than the Sun.  The planets need to be in a circle and the Sun is outside of the circle.

• All the planets need to be smaller than the Sun. Four planets are within about 20 meters of the Sun, while the other planets are much farther apart.

• The planets need to be much larger than the Sun.  The first 5 planets spread out about 50 meters from the Sun, while the rest of the planets are much closer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

In 1995, the Hubble Space Telescope collected images of light that had been traveling through the universe for almost 10 billion years. These images reveal many hundreds of other galaxies at the farthest limits of the visible universe.

Which statement describes our solar system in relation to the rest of the universe?

• The solar system is one of many thousands of solar systems within the Milky Way Galaxy, and the Milky Way is one of many millions of galaxies in the universe.

• The solar system is at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy, and the Milky Way galaxy is at the center of the universe.

• The Earth is the third planet of our solar system, and our solar system is at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.

• The Earth is at the center of our solar system, and our solar system is at the center of the known universe.

Using the chart, which BEST compares the size of the planets and their distance from the Sun?

• Neptune is the farthermost planet from the Sun, and it is the smallest planet.

• As the distance between the sun and planets increases, the size of the planet increases.

• Jupiter is more than ten times the size of Earth, and it is closer to the Sun than the Earth.

• All of the outer planets are at least five times the size of the Earth and at least twice the distance the Earth is from the Sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Look at this (outdated) Solar System Fact Sheet. Using the chart, which statement is TRUE?

• Venus and Earth have diameters similar in size.

• Both Neptune and Uranus are closest to the sun.

• Both Mercury and Saturn are more rocky planets than gaseous.

• Both Mars and Jupiter have the same average temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Look at the chart. Which BEST states how Earth and Mars are similar?

• They are similar in size. 

• They share the same temperature.

• They are rockier more than gaseous.

• They are the same distance from the sun.

Kayla was studying gravity and inertia in the Solar System.

Which model BEST shows how gravity and inertia are seen in the orbit of a planet?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Lindsey drew a model of the planets orbiting the Sun.

How would her model change if gravity did not act on the orbit of the planets?

• There would be no change in the orbit of the planets because gravity only enacts force on the Sun.

• The orbit of the planets would move closer to the Sun because without gravity the planets would all be pulled closer to the Sun.

• The planets would lose the elliptical shape of their orbit because the gravity from the Sun causes the planets to orbit in an elliptical shape.

• The planets would all fall into the same orbit around the Sun.  This causes all the planets to be an equal distance from the Sun without gravity.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Which question would be MOST useful in determining if an object is an asteroid or a comet?

• Was the object found orbiting a planet?

• Was the object found in the Earth's atmosphere?

• Was the object found in the gravitational pull of the moon?

• Was the object found between Mars and Jupiter?

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3