Understanding Viral Life Cycles

What is the primary difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles in bacteriophages?

• The lytic cycle integrates viral DNA into the host genome, while the lysogenic cycle does not.

• The lytic cycle results in the destruction of the host cell, while the lysogenic cycle does not.

• The lysogenic cycle immediately produces new viruses, while the lytic cycle does not.

• The lysogenic cycle occurs only in animal cells, while the lytic cycle occurs in bacteria.

During which cycle does the viral DNA integrate into the host cell's genome?

• Lytic cycle

• Lysogenic cycle

• Both lytic and lysogenic cycles

• Neither lytic nor lysogenic cycles

Which of the following is a characteristic of the lytic cycle?

• The host cell remains alive and continues to divide.

• The viral DNA is replicated along with the host DNA.

• The host cell bursts, releasing new viruses.

• The virus remains dormant within the host cell.

In the lysogenic cycle, what is the term used for the viral DNA that is integrated into the host cell's DNA?

• Prophage

• Plasmid

• Capsid

• Nucleoid

Which cycle can switch to the other under certain conditions, such as stress or UV light exposure?

• Lytic cycle to lysogenic cycle

• Lysogenic cycle to lytic cycle

• Both cycles can switch to each other

• Neither cycle can switch

What is the outcome for the host cell at the end of the lytic cycle?

• The host cell divides normally.

• The host cell becomes a cancer cell.

• The host cell is lysed and destroyed.

• The host cell becomes immune to further infections.

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the lytic cycle?

• Attachment

• Integration

• Biosynthesis

• Release

What happens to the prophage during the lysogenic cycle when the host cell divides?

• It is destroyed.

• It is replicated along with the host DNA.

• It causes the host cell to burst.

• It exits the host genome.

Which cycle is more likely to result in the rapid spread of a virus?

• Lytic cycle

• Lysogenic cycle

• Both cycles spread the virus equally

• Neither cycle spreads the virus

What is the initial step in both the lytic and lysogenic cycles?

• Integration of viral DNA

• Replication of viral components

• Attachment of the virus to the host cell

• Release of new viruses