Test: Mid-Term 2.1 to 2.6 The Cell Biology BWHS

Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell.

• Cell Membrane

• Mitochondria

• Cytoplasm

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer explanation

The cell membrane controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell, acting as a selective barrier. It regulates what enters and exits, maintaining homeostasis, unlike the other organelles listed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

The part of the cell that makes protein.

• Vacuoles

• Ribosomes

• Golgi Apparatus

• Cytoplasm

Answer explanation

Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They read messenger RNA and assemble amino acids into proteins, making them the correct answer for the part of the cell that makes protein.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Protects the cell from the outside environment. (Only Plants)

• Cell Membrane

• Chloroplasts

• Cell Wall

• Vacuoles

Answer explanation

The cell wall is a rigid structure found only in plant cells that provides protection and support, distinguishing it from the cell membrane, which is present in all cells.

This cell organelle breaks down food to release energy. Its known as the power plant of the cell.

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes

• Cell Wall

Answer explanation

The mitochondria are known as the power plant of the cell because they break down food to release energy, making them essential for cellular respiration and energy production.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

_______ are the smallest units of life because they grow, reproduce, respond, and use energy.

• atoms

• elements

• cells

• all of the above

Answer explanation

Cells are the smallest units of life because they possess the ability to grow, reproduce, respond to stimuli, and utilize energy. Atoms and elements are not living entities, making cells the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Cells come from______.

• other preexisting cells

• cytoplasm

• organelles

• prokaryotes

Answer explanation

Cells come from other preexisting cells, as stated in the cell theory. This principle emphasizes that all cells arise from the division of existing cells, making 'other preexisting cells' the correct answer.

The cell theory states that_________

• cells come from cells

• all organisms are made of cells

• cells are the basic unit of structure and function for life

• all of the above

Answer explanation

The cell theory encompasses three main principles: all living organisms are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and new cells arise from existing cells. Therefore, the correct answer is 'all of the above'.

________ is the scientist who saw small chambers when looking at cork, and named them “cells”.

• Newton

• Hooke

• Carson

• Manning

Answer explanation

Robert Hooke was the scientist who, in 1665, observed cork under a microscope and described the small chambers he saw as 'cells', marking a significant discovery in biology.

A multicellular organism is made of

• one cell

• multiple cells

• unicellular cells

• there is no such thing as a "multicellular" organism

Answer explanation

A multicellular organism is defined as one that consists of multiple cells. This distinguishes it from unicellular organisms, which are made of a single cell. Therefore, the correct answer is 'multiple cells'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

When a cell is ready to reproduce, it duplicates its contents, then divides into two similar (and sometimes exact duplicate) cells.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The statement is true. When a cell is ready to reproduce, it indeed duplicates its contents and then divides, resulting in two similar or identical cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4