Chromosomes

Which chemical composition makes up chromosomes?

• A. Proteins and water

• B. DNA and centromeres

• C. Nucleotides and genes only

• D. DNA and histone proteins

What is the centromere?

• A. The outer layer of the chromosome

• B. The connection point between two chromatids

• C. The end point of a single chromosome

• D. The space between two chromosomes

Who is considered the founder of genetics?

• A. Beadle and Tatum

• B. Charles Darwin

• C. Gregor Mendel

• D. Watson and Crick

What is the "one gene - one enzyme" hypothesis?

• A. One enzyme can affect multiple genes

• B. Each enzyme produces a specific gene

• C. Each gene produces a specific enzyme

• D. Enzymes and genes are the same thing

In the inheritance of traits, how much genetic material does an individual inherit from each parent?

• A. All from the mother

• B. All from the father

• C. One-third from each parent

• D. Half from each parent

What causes different hereditary traits on a single chromosome?

• A. The difference in chromosome size

• B. The different arrangement of nucleotides on DNA

• C. The number of centromeres

• D. The amount of water in cells

What role do enzymes play in expressing hereditary traits?

• A. They directly create traits

• B. They conduct chemical reactions that form proteins

• C. They break down chromosomes

• D. They copy DNA directly

How many chromatids make up each chromosome?

• A. Four chromatids

• B. One chromatid

• C. Three chromatids

• D. Two chromatids