Öğrenme Kuramları

According to behaviorist learning theory, learning is a change that occurs as a result of interaction with the environment. Which of the following is one of the fundamental principles of behaviorist learning theory?

• Learning occurs through the individual's internal thoughts and feelings

• Learning is achieved through the reinforcement of observable behaviors

• Learning arises from the subjective evaluation of the individual's experiences

• Learning occurs through social interactions

According to Respondent Conditioning, a neutral stimulus can lead to a specific response after a conditioning process. Which of the following situations is an example of this process?

• Rewarding a student for performing well in an exam

• A child receiving punishment for not completing their homework

• An individual practicing continuously until they succeed at a task

• A dog learning to salivate whenever a bell rings after being paired with food

According to Operant Conditioning, the reinforcement or punishment of behaviors affects the likelihood of those behaviors being repeated. Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?

• A student being scolded for not submitting their homework on time

• A child having their toy taken away for speaking loudly

• An employee being rewarded with a bonus for exceeding their target

• An individual avoiding a task after making repeated mistakes

A nurse is monitoring her patients to ensure they take their medication on time. If a patient takes their medication on schedule, the nurse offers them their favorite drink. If the patient does not take their medication, the nurse does not provide the reward. This scenario is an example of which principle of operant conditioning in nursing?

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Negative punishment

What does the concept of "cognitive learning" refer to in cognitive learning theory?

• The process of memorizing and repeating information only

• The student's ability to actively process information, developing understanding and application skills

• The encouragement of the learning process through the use of external rewards

• The belief that learning occurs solely through observation

According to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children go through specific stages in the learning process. Which of the following is NOT one of these stages?

• Sensorimotor Stage

• Preoperational Stage

• Formal Operational Stage

• Integrative Thinking Stage

Social learning theory explains how individuals learn their behaviors. Which of the following is most closely related to the concept of "modeling," a key aspect of Albert Bandura's social learning theory?

• An individual's learning from their own experiences

• An individual's learning by observing the behaviors of others

• An individual's learning from written materials

• An individual's learning independent of rewards and punishments

According to humanistic learning theories, the learning process is important for individuals to realize themselves and explore their potential. Which of the following best reflects the understanding that "learning is based on personal experiences," a key concept of humanistic learning theory?

• Students developing learning strategies that consider individual differences

• Students learning solely based on the information provided by the teacher

• Students following a standardized curriculum

• Students aiming only to pass the exam at the end of the course

Constructivist learning theory emphasizes active participation and learning through experiences. How does applying a constructivist approach in nursing education enhance students' learning?

• By encouraging students to memorize theoretical knowledge without practical application

• By allowing students to engage in problem-solving and relate theoretical knowledge to real-world situations

• By focusing solely on written exams to assess knowledge retention

• By providing standardized learning materials with no room for individual interpretation

The Brain-Based Learning Theory emphasizes understanding how the brain functions during learning. Which of the following statements is NOT consistent with this theory?

• The brain processes and stores information in a structured manner

• The way the brain functions during learning should be considered when designing educational environments

• All students learning at the same pace is the most effective method according to how the brain works

• The brain uses different processes for information processing and storage during learning