DNA and Genetic Information Quiz

(a)   's transformation experiment in 1928 demonstrated that a "transforming principle" from heat-killed virulent bacteria could genetically alter non-virulent bacteria, leading to the discovery of DNA as the carrier of genetic information.

The experiment conducted by ______ and ______ in 1952 used bacteriophages labeled with radioactive isotopes to confirm that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material that viruses inject into bacterial cells.

• Hershey

• Chase

• Avery

• Mendell

In 1944, (a)   and his colleagues extended Griffith's work by demonstrating that DNA is the "transforming principle" responsible for transferring genetic information between bacterial cells.

______ and ______ are credited with the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA in 1953, based on X-ray diffraction images produced by Rosalind Franklin.

• James Watson

• Francis Crick

(a)   's rules state that in DNA, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine.

Mendel's first law, also known as the Law of Segregation, states that alleles for a gene separate during (a)   and are passed to offspring.

Mendel's second law, the Law of (a)   , states that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other.

The chromosomal basis of inheritance was demonstrated by the phenomenon of (a)   , where genes located on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together.

Chromatin is composed of DNA wrapped around protein complexes called (a)   , forming the basic unit of chromatin structure.

(a)   is a type of chromatin that remains tightly packed throughout the cell cycle and is transcriptionally inactive, while euchromatin is loosely packed and transcriptionally active.