Chapter 3 Test Review

Roughly what portion of Earth is covered by ocean water?

• 50%

• 33%

• 12%

• 70%

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

_______ causes major ocean gyres in the Northern Hemisphere to flow in a clockwise direction and the gyres in the Southern Hemisphere to flow in a counterclockwise direction.

• Earth’s magnetic field

• The effect of Earth’s rotation (the Coriolis effec
• The gravitational pull of the Moon

• The effect of Earth’s axial tilt

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Surface temperatures are warmer at Earth’s equator than at the poles because of

• Earth’s rotation.

• patterns of circulation in the atmosphere.

• Earth’s spherical shape, which affects the angle that the Sun’s energy strikes the surface.

• Earth’s axial tilt.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

What is the primary driving force behind surface currents?

• prevailing winds

• uneven sloping of the oceanic crust

• the Coriolis effect

• density differences due to variations in temperature and salinity

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

What is the primary driving force behind deep water currents?

• prevailing winds

• uneven sloping of the oceanic crust

• the Coriolis effect

• density differences due to variations in temperature and salinity

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which of the following factor(s) affect(s) the flow of currents?

• the position of continents

• gravity

• topographic features on the ocean floor

• all of the above

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which of the following set of properties represents water with the highest density?

• cold, low salinity

• cold, high salinity

• warm, low salinity

• warm, high salinity

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Especially dense water forms in deep water formation areas because of

• atmospheric cooling of the water

• the freezing of water

• winds, which cause evaporation

• all of the above

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Deep water formation areas drive the global conveyor belt, which circulates water primarily within the Atlantic Ocean. flows beneath the continents. connects the water of all Earth’s oceans. stops circulating during El Niño years.

• circulates water primarily within the Atlantic Ocean.

• flows beneath the continents.

• connects the water of all Earth’s oceans.

• stops circulating during El Niño years.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Under normal conditions, the prevailing winds along the coast of Peru push the water away from the land, causing

• an upwelling.

• a downwelling.

• a significant sea level rise along the coast.

• a significant drop in sea level along the coast.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6