Understanding Mendel's Genetic Principles

What is Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?

• It states that alleles for different traits are inherited together.

• It states that alleles for different traits are inherited independently of each other.

• It states that alleles for the same trait are inherited independently.

• It states that alleles for the same trait are inherited together.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following best describes a dihybrid cross?

• A cross between two individuals that are heterozygous for one trait.

• A cross between two individuals that are heterozygous for two traits.

• A cross between two individuals that are homozygous for one trait.

• A cross between two individuals that are homozygous for two traits.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

How does meiosis contribute to genetic variation?

• By producing identical daughter cells.

• By allowing crossing over and independent assortment.

• By reducing the chromosome number by half.

• By duplicating the genetic material.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

In a dihybrid cross, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

• 3:1

• 9:3:3:1

• 1:1

• 1:2:1

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following is an example of independent assortment?

• A plant with purple flowers always has green seeds.

• A plant with purple flowers can have either green or yellow seeds.

• A plant with purple flowers always has yellow seeds.

• A plant with purple flowers can only have green seeds.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the significance of Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment in genetics?

• It explains why offspring are identical to their parents.

• It explains the genetic variation observed in offspring.

• It explains the blending of parental traits.

• It explains the dominance of certain traits.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (RrYy), what fraction of the offspring will be homozygous recessive for both traits?

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which process during meiosis ensures that alleles are assorted independently?

• DNA replication

• Crossing over

• Independent assortment of chromosomes

• Cytokinesis

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DOK Level 1: Recall

What is the role of crossing over in genetic variation?

• It reduces the number of chromosomes.

• It increases the number of chromosomes.

• It allows for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

• It duplicates the genetic material.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

In a dihybrid cross, if one parent is homozygous dominant for both traits and the other is homozygous recessive, what will be the genotype of the F1 generation?

• Homozygous dominant

• Homozygous recessive

• Heterozygous for both traits

• Heterozygous for one trait

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DOK Level 1: Recall