Understanding Observational Techniques

What is a major strength of naturalistic observation?

• High ecological validity

• Control over variables

• Ability to establish cause and effect

• Reduced ethical concerns

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Understanding

Explain the ethical concerns associated with covert observations.

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Evaluating

In controlled observations, researchers can manipulate certain variables to establish ___ and effect.

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Analyzing

Which type of observation involves the observer becoming part of the group being studied?

• Participant observation

• Non-participant observation

• Covert observation

• Overt observation

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Understanding

Discuss the potential biases that might arise in participant observation.

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Evaluating

In what types of research might participant observation be more beneficial than non-participant observation?

How might the awareness of being observed (in overt observations) affect participants' behaviour? Can you suggest ways to minimise these effects?