Understanding Atomic Structure

What are the three main subatomic particles?

• Quarks, Gluons, Neutrons

• Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

• Electrons, Positrons, Neutrinos

• Protons, Neutrons, Photons

Define atomic number and its significance.

• The atomic number is the number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

• The atomic number is the total number of electrons in an atom.

• The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, significant for identifying elements and determining their chemical behavior.

• The atomic number is the mass of an atom measured in atomic mass units.

How do you calculate the atomic mass of an element?

• Atomic mass is calculated by summing the products of the mass of each isotope and its relative abundance.

• Atomic mass is the average of the atomic numbers of all isotopes.

• Atomic mass is calculated by multiplying the atomic number by the number of neutrons.

• Atomic mass is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus.

What is the charge of a proton?

• +2 elementary charge

• +1 elementary charge

• 0 elementary charge

• -1 elementary charge

How many protons are in a carbon atom?

• 6

• 4

• 8

• 12

What is the relationship between protons and electrons in a neutral atom?

• The number of protons equals the number of electrons.

• The number of protons is less than the number of electrons.

• The number of protons is greater than the number of electrons.

• Protons and electrons have no relationship in a neutral atom.

Explain the role of neutrons in the nucleus.

• Neutrons are the primary source of energy in nuclear reactions.

• Neutrons stabilize the nucleus and allow protons to coexist without repulsion.

• Neutrons are positively charged particles in the nucleus.

• Neutrons are responsible for the chemical properties of an atom.

What is the charge of an electron?

• -1.0 coulombs

• 0 coulombs

• +1.602 x 10^-19 coulombs

• -1.602 x 10^-19 coulombs

How does the number of neutrons affect the atomic mass?

• The number of neutrons directly affects the atomic mass; more neutrons increase the mass.

• More neutrons decrease the atomic mass.

• Atomic mass is only determined by the number of protons.

• The number of neutrons has no effect on atomic mass.

What is the atomic number of oxygen?

• 8

• 10

• 6

• 12