Exploring Earth's Internal Structure

What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?

• Mantle

• Lithosphere

• Crust

• Core

Describe the composition of the Earth's crust.

• The Earth's crust is composed of gases like nitrogen and hydrogen.

• The Earth's crust is mainly made of water and carbon dioxide.

• The crust consists primarily of gold, silver, and platinum.

• The Earth's crust is primarily composed of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, forming minerals like feldspar, quartz, and basalt.

What is the primary material that makes up the mantle?

• Metals, primarily iron and nickel.

• Sedimentary materials, primarily sandstone and limestone.

• Silicate minerals, primarily olivine and pyroxenes.

• Igneous rocks, primarily granite and basalt.

How thick is the Earth's mantle on average?

• Approximately 2,900 kilometers

• Approximately 1,000 kilometers

• Roughly 3,500 kilometers

• About 1,500 kilometers

What is the state of matter of the outer core?

• Solid

• Gas

• Plasma

• Liquid

What role does the outer core play in Earth's magnetic field?

• The outer core generates and sustains Earth's magnetic field through the movement of liquid metals that create electric currents.

• The outer core is solid and does not contribute to the magnetic field.

• The outer core only affects the Earth's rotation, not its magnetic field.

• The outer core absorbs magnetic energy from the sun, weakening the magnetic field.

What is the temperature range of the inner core?

• 5,800 to 7,000 degrees Celsius

• 3,000 to 4,000 degrees Celsius

• 4,000 to 5,700 degrees Celsius

• 1,000 to 2,000 degrees Celsius

What is the primary element found in the inner core?

• Silicon

• Iron

• Nickel

• Copper

Define the lithosphere and its components.

• The lithosphere is the liquid layer of the Earth beneath the crust.

• The lithosphere is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, composed of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.

• The lithosphere is a layer of molten rock that moves freely.

• The lithosphere consists only of the Earth's atmosphere.

How does the lithosphere differ from the asthenosphere?

• The lithosphere is located in the outer core, while the asthenosphere is in the mantle.

• The lithosphere is semi-fluid, while the asthenosphere is rigid and solid.

• Both the lithosphere and asthenosphere are completely solid and do not allow movement.

• The lithosphere is rigid and solid, while the asthenosphere is semi-fluid and allows for tectonic movement.