Symbiosis

Which of the following is necessary for two organisms to be considered as coexisting in a mutualistic relationship?

• One organism benefits while the other neither benefits nor is harmed.

• One organism benefits while the other is harmed.

• Both organisms are harmed from the relationship.

• Both organisms benefit from the relationship.

Microorganisms living in the intestines of termites break down cellulose, providing food for both the termites and the microorganisms. This nutritional relationship is known as —

• mutualism

• predation

• commensalism

• parasitism

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

In mutualism, both species ​ (a)   , whereas in competition both species are ​ (b)   . Competition often leads to the evolution of new ​ (c)   .

• benefit
• harmed
• traits
• colors

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

In an ecosystem, the more living requirements that two different species have in common, the more intense will be their —

• parasitism

• energy requirements

• competition

• ecological succession

A predator and prey relationship exists between —

• a honeysuckle and a hummingbird, when the honeysuckle attracts the hummingbird with nectar

• a cuckoo and a warbler, when the cuckoo lays its eggs in the nest of the warbler

• a caterpillar and an ant, when the caterpillar feeds on the ant's larvae

• a hyena and a vulture, when the hyena eats elephant remains alongside the vulture

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A commensal relationship is defined as a relationship in which one organism is not affected by the relationship, and the other organism benefits from the relationship. The best example of a commensal relationship is the relationship that exists between —

• a gopher that hides from a mountain lion.

• a mite that travels on the back of a fly.

• a crab that eats the remains of an octopus.

• a bird that searches for water bugs in a stream.

Some plants rely on hummingbirds for pollination. If a deadly disease infected the hummingbird population, what would MOST likely happen to the plants?

• They would die within hours.

• They would become endangered.

• They would need to migrate.

• They would grow at a slower rate.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Ceratocystis fagacearum is a plant that lives on Oak trees, stealing their nutrients. What term best describes the relationship between Ceratocystis fagacearum and Oak trees?

• mutualism

• commensalism

• competition

• parasitism

Commensalism

• An interaction between organisms or species that are vying for the same limited resources.

• A symbiotic relationship where both species benefit.

• A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

• A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits (parasite) and the other organism is harmed (host).

Competition

• An organism that provides shelter and nourishment to a smaller organism.

• A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

• A symbiotic relationship where both species benefit.

• An interaction between organisms or species that are vying for the same limited resources.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1