CH 19 - Respiratory System

Major function of the respiratory system:

• Move air into and out of lungs

• Make sounds

• All of the above

• None of the above

Answer explanation

The respiratory system is responsible for moving air in and out of the lungs, making sounds through the larynx, and facilitating gas exchange.

The "throat"

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Trachea

• Bronchi

• Alveoli

Answer explanation

The pharynx is commonly referred to as the throat, serving as a passageway for both air and food.

The "windpipe"

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Trachea

• Bronchi

• Alveoli

Answer explanation

The trachea, or windpipe, is the tube that carries air to the bronchi.

The "voice box"

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Trachea

• Bronchi

• Alveoli

Answer explanation

The larynx houses the vocal cords and is essential for producing sound.

Microscopic air sacs of the lungs where gas exchange occurs:

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Trachea

• Bronchi

• Alveoli

Answer explanation

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs with the blood.

Branches of the respiratory tree immediately after the trachea:

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Trachea

• Bronchi

• Alveoli

Answer explanation

The trachea divides into two bronchi, which carry air into the lungs.

The major form of carbon dioxide transport in the blood:

• Dissolved in plasma

• Attached to hemoglobin

• Bicarbonate

• Vitamin C

Answer explanation

Most carbon dioxide is transported as bicarbonate ions in the blood plasma.

The major transport protein for oxygen in the blood:

• Hemoglobin

• Myoglobin

• Hexaglobin

• Collagen

Answer explanation

Hemoglobin binds oxygen in red blood cells and transports it throughout the body.

The respiratory epithelium:

• Simple squamous

• Simple columnar

• Stratified columnar

• Pseudostratified columnar

Answer explanation

The respiratory epithelium consists of pseudostratified columnar cells with cilia that help move mucus.

Prevents food from entering trachea:

• Glottis

• Uvula

• Epiglottis

• Hard palate

Answer explanation

The epiglottis closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.