Chapter 12: 1-6

The synthesis of an RNA copy of a gene is called ____________.

• mutation

• translation

• transcription

• replication

• splicing

A unit of heredity can be broadly defined as a(n) ____________.

Changes in genetic material that can be inherited are known as ______________.

DNA is ________ to produce mRNA, which is then ________ to produce proteins that determine the traits an organism expresses.

• transformed; translated

• translated; transformed

• transcribed; translated

• translated; transcribed

• transcribed; transformed

A gene is best described as a(n) __________.

• subunit of a functional protein

• single piece of DNA containing many hereditary blueprints

• basic unit of inheritance

• building block used to make chromosomes

What is the function of mRNA?

• it catalyzes biochemical reactions required for cellular activities

• it carries information from DNA to ribosomes

• it contains the genetic information that is passes on from one generation to the next

• it corrects mutations that occur in cells

What occurs when genetic material, that can be inherited, is changed?

• duplications

• stagnations

• mutations

The process of creating a polypeptide from an mRNA template is known as ______________.

The central dogma of gene expression at the molecular level is comprised of two steps. What are they?

• translation of DNA into a polypeptide

• transcription of DNA into a polypeptide

• translation of DNA into mRNA

• transcription of DNA into mRNA

• translation of mRNA into a polypeptide

Gene expression occurs in two steps. First, the cell transcribes the ________ to produce _________, which is then translated into _________.