Psychological Perspectives in Child Development

What might an individual with a dominant Superego be like?

• Selfish and uncaring

• Overly moral and judgmental

• Able to manage demands effectively

• Impulsive and reckless

What is the description of the Id?

• Acts as a referee between the Id and Superego

• Concerned with right and wrong

• Unconscious set of instincts demanding immediate gratification

• Develops around age 5

According to Bowlby, what is the purpose of attachment?

• To ensure the safety of the child.

• To make the child independent.

• To encourage the child to explore alone.

• To prevent the child from forming relationships.

What is the 'maternal deprivation hypothesis'?

• Disruption of attachment leads to cognitive, emotional, and social problems.

• Attachment has no effect on a child's development.

• Maternal presence is not necessary for attachment.

• Deprivation has no long-term effects.

What did Bowlby believe about the nature of attachment?

• It is instinctive and innate.

• It is learned and acquired.

• It is unnecessary and avoidable.

• It is temporary and fleeting.

What is a potential use of Freud and Bowlby's ideas in a Health and Social Care setting?

• To focus on adult behavior

• To ignore childhood experiences

• To develop strategies to help children overcome difficulties

• To eliminate the need for social care

What is the historical significance of Freud and Bowlby's work?

• It eliminated the need for social care

• It had a huge influence on child development thinking

• It focused solely on adult behavior

• It ignored early experiences

What is an unsuccessful completion outcome for the stage of initiative vs guilt?

• Develop a sense of guilt and may feel like a nuisance to others

• Inability to trust, fear of the outside world

• Lack self-esteem, doubt their own abilities

• Feel inferior and doubt potential

According to Erikson, what is the key time for adolescents to form?

• Social skills

• Self identity

• Academic knowledge

• Physical strength

What might adolescents explore as part of forming their identity?

• Financial independence

• Their own identity

• Technological skills

• Historical knowledge