Understanding Migration and Globalisation

What are some key reasons for rural to urban migration?

• Preference for traditional farming methods

• Increased agricultural subsidies

• Key reasons for rural to urban migration include better job opportunities, access to education and healthcare, improved living standards, and urban lifestyle attractions. For instance, Davide moved to the city to pursue a better career and access quality education.

• Desire for a slower pace of life

Answer explanation

Key reasons for rural to urban migration include better job opportunities, access to education and healthcare, and improved living standards, as illustrated by Davide's move to the city for a better career and quality education.

What are the main problems associated with rapid urban growth in the city where Virginia and Matteo live?

• Inadequate infrastructure, pollution, housing shortages, traffic congestion, social inequality.

• Increased agricultural production

• Lower crime rates

• Enhanced public transportation

Answer explanation

Rapid urban growth leads to inadequate infrastructure, pollution, housing shortages, traffic congestion, and social inequality, which are significant challenges for cities like the one where Virginia and Matteo live.

Define urban sprawl in the context of a growing city like Virginia's hometown.

• Urban sprawl refers to the revitalisation of city centres.

• Urban sprawl is the increase in population density in urban areas.

• Urban sprawl is the process of urban areas becoming more compact and efficient.

• Urban sprawl is the spread of a city and its suburbs over rural land.

Answer explanation

Urban sprawl describes how cities like Virginia's hometown expand into rural areas, leading to the development of suburbs and the spread of urbanization beyond the original city limits.

What is the main difference between asylum seekers and refugees?

• Asylum seekers are in the process of seeking protection, while refugees have already been granted protection.

• Refugees are people who have never left their home country.

• Asylum seekers are always granted refugee status immediately.

• Asylum seekers are individuals who have been denied protection by their home country.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that asylum seekers are actively seeking protection, whereas refugees have already received it. This distinction is crucial in understanding their legal status and rights.

List some advantages of external migration for the host country, as discussed by Guglielmo and Isabella during their class project.

• Cultural homogeneity

• Increased unemployment rates

• Advantages of external migration for the host country include economic growth, cultural diversity, filling skill gaps, and increased innovation.

• Decreased population density

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights the benefits of external migration, such as economic growth, cultural diversity, filling skill gaps, and increased innovation, which positively impact the host country.

What are some advantages of external migration for the country of origin?

• Decreased cultural exchange opportunities

• Advantages of external migration for the country of origin include increased remittances, skill transfer, and reduced unemployment pressure. For instance, Edoardo and Martina, who moved abroad for work, send money back home, helping their families and the local economy.

• Higher taxes on citizens abroad

• Increased brain drain leading to skill loss

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that external migration benefits the country of origin through increased remittances, skill transfer, and reduced unemployment pressure, as seen with migrants like Edoardo and Martina supporting their families.

List some disadvantages of external migration for the host country, considering the experiences of Virginia and Alessandro who recently moved to a new city.

• Increased pressure on public services, cultural clashes, job competition, integration challenges, and potential social tension.

• Improved job opportunities

• Increased economic growth

• Enhanced cultural diversity

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights disadvantages such as increased pressure on public services, cultural clashes, job competition, integration challenges, and potential social tension, which can negatively impact the host country.

What are some disadvantages of external migration for the country of origin?

• Increased economic growth

• Disadvantages of external migration for the country of origin include brain drain, loss of labour force, family separation, and cultural dilution.

• Improved international relations

• Enhanced cultural exchange

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights the disadvantages of external migration, such as brain drain and loss of labor force, which negatively impact the country of origin, unlike the other options that suggest benefits.

What are some benefits of economic globalisation that Davide and Guglielmo discussed in their economics class?

• Limited access to technology

• Increased tariffs on imports

• Decreased job opportunities

• Benefits of economic globalisation include increased trade, lower prices, access to diverse goods, economic growth, job creation, and technology transfer.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights the benefits of economic globalisation, such as increased trade, lower prices, and job creation, which contrast with the negative options provided.

Lorenzo and Anna are discussing the negative effects of economic globalisation. What are some of the issues they mention?

• Negative effects of economic globalisation include job losses, increased income inequality, cultural homogenisation, and environmental degradation.

• Increased job security

• Reduction in global trade barriers

• Enhanced cultural diversity

Answer explanation

Lorenzo and Anna highlight job losses, increased income inequality, cultural homogenisation, and environmental degradation as negative effects of economic globalisation, making this the correct choice.