What is a microprocessor and how is it used in transport systems?

• A microprocessor is a compact integrated circuit used in transport systems for traffic control, navigation, and toll collection.

• A microprocessor is a large mechanical device used for vehicle maintenance.

• A microprocessor is a type of fuel used in transport systems.

• A microprocessor is a software application for booking transport tickets.

Answer explanation

A microprocessor is a compact integrated circuit that plays a crucial role in transport systems, enabling functions like traffic control, navigation, and toll collection, making it essential for modern transportation management.

Name one advantage of using microprocessors in traffic management.

• Real-time traffic management and signal optimization.

• Increased traffic congestion.

• Reduced safety for pedestrians.

• Higher costs for infrastructure.

Answer explanation

Using microprocessors in traffic management allows for real-time traffic management and signal optimization, improving traffic flow and reducing congestion, unlike the other options which suggest negative outcomes.

What are autonomous vehicles?

• Cars that can only drive in specific areas

• Vehicles that require constant human control

• Traditional vehicles with no advanced technology

• Autonomous vehicles are self-driving cars that operate without human input using sensors and AI.

Answer explanation

Autonomous vehicles are defined as self-driving cars that function without human input, utilizing advanced sensors and artificial intelligence to navigate and operate independently.

List two technologies used in autonomous vehicles.

• GPS, Radar

• LiDAR, Computer Vision

• Ultrasonic Sensors, Infrared Cameras

• Bluetooth, Wi-Fi

Answer explanation

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) provides precise distance measurements using laser light, while Computer Vision enables the vehicle to interpret and understand its surroundings through image processing, making them essential for autonomy.

What is one major advantage of autonomous transport systems?

• Dependence on human oversight for safety.

• Reduction of human error in transportation.

• Increased traffic congestion due to automation.

• Higher operational costs for transport systems.

Answer explanation

One major advantage of autonomous transport systems is the reduction of human error in transportation, leading to safer and more efficient travel compared to systems reliant on human oversight.

What is a potential disadvantage of autonomous vehicles?

• Enhanced driving experience for passengers.

• Increased traffic congestion due to more vehicles on the road.

• Lower insurance costs for all drivers.

• Risk of software malfunctions or hacking.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights a significant risk associated with autonomous vehicles: software malfunctions or hacking. These issues can compromise safety and security, making them a critical disadvantage.

How do microprocessors control vehicle functions?

• Microprocessors operate independently of sensors and actuators.

• Microprocessors control vehicle functions by processing sensor data and managing actuators to perform tasks such as engine control and braking.

• Microprocessors are used solely for entertainment systems in vehicles.

• Microprocessors only store vehicle data without controlling functions.

Answer explanation

Microprocessors are essential in vehicles as they process data from sensors and control actuators, enabling functions like engine management and braking, making the correct answer the one that highlights this integration.

Explain how microprocessors can improve safety in transport systems.

• Microprocessors have no impact on transport system efficiency.

• Microprocessors reduce fuel consumption in transport systems.

• Microprocessors are primarily used for entertainment in vehicles.

• Microprocessors improve safety in transport systems through real-time monitoring, advanced driver-assistance systems, and automated safety features.

Answer explanation

Microprocessors enhance transport safety by enabling real-time monitoring of vehicle systems, supporting advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) like collision avoidance, and automating safety features such as emergency braking.

What impact do autonomous vehicles have on traffic congestion?

• Autonomous vehicles have no effect on traffic congestion.

• Autonomous vehicles only affect parking availability.

• Autonomous vehicles can help reduce traffic congestion.

• Autonomous vehicles increase traffic congestion.

Answer explanation

Autonomous vehicles can optimize traffic flow through better coordination and reduced human error, potentially leading to fewer traffic jams and improved congestion management.

How can autonomous vehicles enhance public transport systems?

• Autonomous vehicles improve efficiency, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness in public transport.

• Autonomous vehicles only benefit private car owners.

• Autonomous vehicles increase traffic congestion in urban areas.

• Autonomous vehicles reduce the need for public transport altogether.

Answer explanation

Autonomous vehicles can enhance public transport by improving efficiency through optimized routes, increasing accessibility for all users, and reducing operational costs, making public transport more attractive and effective.