Unit 2: Networks of Exchange Test

Match the following terms with their correct definitions.

• A social system which Peasants and Vassals received land and protection in exchange for loyalty and service to a Lord or King.

• Bureaucracy

• Associations of merchants or artisans who cooperated to uphold the standards of their trade and protect their economic interests.

• Guild

• A person who has no permanent home and travels from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.

• Feudalism

• Administrative system in government in which officials make most of the decisions.

• Nomad

Which two commodities (goods) dominated the Trans-Saharan trade routes?

• Coal and Iron.

• Salt and Pepper

• Gold and Salt

• Silver and Gold

Ruins of cities like the Great Zimbabwe in East Africa are evidence that:

• A. African civilizations have always lagged behind European ones.

• B. We know very little about African civilizations.

• C. East African states maintained regular contact with sub-Saharan kingdoms like the Mali Empire.

• D. East African civilizations relied on trade routes that crossed the Indian Ocean.

Trade in the Indian Ocean relied heavily upon:

• The arrival of Portuguese colonists.

• Larger ship designs that allowed merchants to bypass India.

• Seasonal monsoon winds.

• The translation abilities of Swahili-speaking merchants.

Swahili an example of cultural diffusion (the mixing of different cultures) in that it:

• Originated in the Middle East and spread to East Africa.

• Is a blend of African, Middle Eastern and Asian cultures.

• Can be written in either Latin or Chinese script.

• Is only found in Africa.

Neo-Confucianism was considered a revival of Confucian thinking during the Tang and Song Dynasties, but also incorporated aspects of:

• Buddhism and Daoism.

• Hindu and Buddhist teachings.

• Jewish and Islamic dietary restrictions.

• Christian ceremonial practices.

Foot binding was practiced during the Tang and Song dynasties because:

• It empowered women by creating new economic opportunities.

• Prevented husbands from taking advantage of their wives.

• Served as an important distinction between classes in the Caste system.

• Men believed it enhanced a woman’s beauty.

Cities or societies that resisted the Mongols as the Mongols expanded their empire were often brutally slaughtered, but cities that surrendered:

• Adopted Mongol laws and customs.

• Had their children taken away into captivity.

• Were forced to pay tribute to the Mongols.

• Died of starvation and disease.

During the Yuan Dynasty, Chinese officials:

• Continued to be promoted based on their scores on the Civil Service Exam.

• Served in a wide variety of positions in the Mongol government.

• Successfully overthrew Kublai Khan and regained the Mandate of Heaven.

• Could only serve in government positions that lacked significant power.

Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta were similar in that they both:

• Traveled extensively in Afro-Eurasia.

• Were Muslim explorers.

• Wanted to promote their religious ideas and beliefs in radically different cultures.

• Suffered horrible deaths due to the Black Death.