Matter: Phases, Phase Changes & Particle Motion

Consider the cooling curve above. The substance is changing state from a gas to a liquid to a solid. As the temperature changes we also know that

• there is a decrease in molecular attraction and kinetic energy.

• there is a decrease in kinetic energy and the molecules get closer together.

• kinetic energy increases while potential energy decreases during the phase changes.

• although the molecules get closer together, there is no real change in the energy of the molecules.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Predict what will happen if they put the flask with the inflated balloon onto a hot plate and raise its temperature to 40 °C.

• No change occurs.

• The balloon will deflate.

• The dry ice precipitates.

• The balloon inflates further.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Consider the phase change taking place in the picture. You could use ALL BUT ONE statement to describe what is happening here.

• Temperature is increasing.

• Kinetic energy is increasing.

• The space between the particles remains the same.

• The attractive force between the particles is decreasing.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Consider the model of three states of matter. Which is NOT a trend this model illustrates about these three states of matter?

• Particles in a solid are closely packed.

• Particles in a liquid are more spread out than in a solid.

• Particles in a gas are very far apart.

• Particles in a gas are more closely packed than in a liquid.

What does the diagram add to our understanding of the states of matter?

• When a substance changes state the particles do not lose or gain heat energy, only kinetic energy

• There is an indirect relationship between an increase in temperature and an increase in kinetic energy of particles in matter

• In order to change from one phase of matter to another heat must be added

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

When a substance changes state, what type of energy do the particles primarily gain or lose?

• Potential energy

• Chemical energy

• Kinetic energy

• Electrical energy

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which state of matter is electrically conductive and can produce magnetic fields and electric currents?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

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NGSS.HS-PS2-5

NGSS.HS-PS3-5

Which state of matter conforms to the shape of its container but retains a nearly constant volume independent of pressure?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Which state of matter maintains a fixed volume and shape?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Which state of matter has both variable volume and shape and expands to fill its container?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4