Mayer's Multimedia Learning Principles

What does the Multimedia Principle mean?

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• The redundancy principle suggests that we learn best from a combination of spoken words and graphics.

What does the Coherence Principle mean?

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• The redundancy principle suggests that we learn best from a combination of spoken words and graphics.

What does the Signalling Principle mean?

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

• The redundancy principle suggests that we learn best from a combination of spoken words and graphics.

What does the Redundancy Principle mean?

• The redundancy principle suggests that we learn best from a combination of spoken words and graphics.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

What does the Spatial Contiguity Principle mean?

• Text and visuals should be presented close together on the screen to maximise learning.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

What does the Temporal Contiguity Principle mean?

• Students learn best when words and pictures are presented at the same time rather than sequentially.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

What does the Segmenting Principle mean?

• Better learning outcomes are achieved when information is segmented, and students have control over the pace.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

What does the Pre-training Principle mean?

• People learn better when they already know the basics.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

What does the Modality Principle mean?

• Students experience deeper learning from visuals and spoken words than text and visuals.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.

What does the Voice Principle mean?

• People learn better when real presenters rather than machines make voice overs.

• Learning is enhanced when cues are added to draw attention to vital information.

• Learning is more effective if unnecessary information is excluded.

• People learn best from a combination of words and pictures.