1st-2nd Nine weeks Review

What was the main geographical advantage gained by the United States when Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory?

• The purchase increased southern states’ ocean access, improving their ability to trade internationally.

• The purchase made French territory landlocked, giving the United States a military advantage.

• The mountains of this region offered settlers natural protection against the Spanish in Mexico.

• Reliable access to the Mississippi River meant goods could travel more easily throughout the country.

Which statement best describes how the United States changed because of the Louisiana Purchase?

• The Louisiana Purchase forced Spain to recognize the United States as a world power.

• The Louisiana Purchase prevented further conflicts with France and Spain over expansion to the west.

• The Louisiana Purchase limited the growth of the U.S. military because the army no longer had to patrol the western border.

• The Louisiana Purchase increased the size of the United States and encouraged settlers to move west.

According to the excerpt, what was the main objective of the Monroe Doctrine?

“...as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth [from this point on] not to considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers…”
--Monroe Doctrine, 1823

• to define which countries would support Europe in times of war

• to discourage countries in the Americas from declaring independence from European nations

• to assert that Europe should no longer control land in the Western Hemisphere

• to divide control of the Western Hemisphere equally between Europe and the United States

…Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great-Britain, and the United Netherlands, of the one part, and France on the other, and the duty and interest of the United States require, that they should with sincerity and good faith adopt and pursue a conduct friendly and impartial [neutral] toward the belligerent [warring] powers:

I have therefore thought fit by these presents to declare the disposition [position] of the United States to observe the conduct aforesaid [previously stated] towards those powers respectively; and to exhort [encourage] and warn the citizens of the United States carefully to avoid all acts and proceedings whatsoever, which may in any manner tend to contravene [go against] such disposition.

And I do hereby also make known that whosoever of the citizens of the United States shall render [make] himself liable to punishment… under the law of nations, by committing… hostilities against any of the said powers… will not receive the protection of the United States, against such punishment…

Why did President Washington issue the Proclamation of Neutrality?

• Washington wanted to limit trade with Europe so that U.S. industries could expand.

• Washington believed that a military alliance with France was the best policy for the future.

• Washington wanted to establish exclusive trading treaties with countries in Europe.

• Washington was trying to keep the United States out of European conflicts.

Washington warned of the dangers of the development of political parties early in the history of the United States. How did the political party accept this proclamation?

• When Washington spoke, the Republican and Democratic parties were already well-established and remained in place.

• When Washington spoke, there were several smaller parties in the country, which later merged into the Republican and Democratic parties.

• After Washington spoke, there were no political parties in the United States until after the Civil War.

• After Washington's Neutrality Proclamation speech tensions grew between political parties.

Which dangers did President Washington warn the nation during his farewell address? Select the two correct answers.

• establishing a national bank

• maintaining the institution of slavery

• granting suffrage to women

• making foreign alliances

• dividing the nation based on political beliefs

Some politicians supported the Indian removal policy because

• white settlers desired the land on which Native American Indians lived

• Native American Indians were attacking southern cities

• he wanted to punish Native American Indians for their political opposition

• he sought complete control of Texas by the United States

What was the overall trend in how the United States grew and gained land?

• from north to south, by negotiating treaties with Europe and American Indians

• from north to south, through direct land purchases from Britain and France

• from east to west, by claiming land that was previously unclaimed

• from east to west, through war, purchases, and negotiations with different foreign powers

Jefferson's administration reduced government spending by reducing the size of both the army and____ . But later after the War of 1812 realized that the United States needed to increase their defense.