Kepribadian Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah is an organization that has a fundamental basis in the Qur'an and Sunnah. This organization was established in 1912 in Yogyakarta by KH. Ahmad Dahlan. The main purpose of Muhammadiyah's establishment is to advance the lives of Muslims by returning the understanding of Islam to its pure teachings, in accordance with the Qur'an and Sunnah. In carrying out its mission, Muhammadiyah has a personality that serves as a guideline for its members. This personality is encapsulated in a guideline called...

• Himpunan Putusan Tarjih

• Anggaran Dasar Muhammadiyah

• Khittah Muhammadiyah

• Pedoman Hidup Islami Warga Muhammadiyah

• Manhaj Tarjih Muhammadiyah

One of the main characteristics of Muhammadiyah's personality is prioritizing the attitude of tajdid. Tajdid in Muhammadiyah does not only mean renewal, but also purification, which is cleaning Islamic teachings from practices that are not in accordance with the Qur'an and Sunnah. This attitude makes Muhammadiyah often undertake renewal efforts in various aspects of life, including education and social. What is meant by tajdid in this context?

• The elimination of local traditions

• Renewal accompanied by purification of teachings

• Replacement of all forms of traditional worship

• Adjustment of religious teachings to local culture

• Formation of new traditions in society

In Muhammadiyah's personality, there is an open attitude towards modern science and technology. This attitude is based on the belief that science and technology are part of Allah's gifts that can be used for the advancement of the community. However, this attitude should not be detached from Islamic values. How does Muhammadiyah view the relationship between religion and science?

• Science is considered unimportant if it contradicts religion

• Science must be ignored if it contradicts beliefs

• Modern science must follow the interpretations of scholars from the past

• Religion and science complement and strengthen each other

• Religion must fully follow the developments of modern science

Muhammadiyah's personality emphasizes the importance of the attitude of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar, which means inviting to goodness and preventing wrongdoing. In its implementation, Muhammadiyah establishes various social institutions, such as orphanages, hospitals, and schools. This is done as a concrete form of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar. What is the main purpose of the principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar in Muhammadiyah?

• Criticizing government policies that are not appropriate

• Strictly adhering to all religious rules

• Inviting the community to return to traditional teachings

• Building a prosperous and moral society

• Developing local culture that is Islamic

One of the distinctive features of Muhammadiyah's personality is the independent attitude, both organizationally and financially. Muhammadiyah always strives to manage its resources independently without relying on others. This is evident in the management of Muhammadiyah's charitable efforts such as schools, hospitals, and universities. What is the purpose of this independence?

• Avoiding external intervention in organizational management

• Becoming an exclusive and closed organization

• Attracting attention from foreign donors

• Rejecting government assistance to show strength

• Avoiding cooperation with non-Islamic institutions

In the context of Muhammadiyah's personality, social attitudes are one of the values that are highly upheld. Muhammadiyah is active in providing social assistance to the community, both in disaster situations and in other social welfare programs. This principle is based on the belief that...

• All wealth must be given to the poor

• Social welfare is the responsibility of the government only

• The main duty of Muslims is to worship individually

• Helping others is a manifestation of true Islamic teachings

• Only Muslims are entitled to receive assistance

KH. Ahmad Dahlan founded Muhammadiyah with a strong spirit of renewal, especially to address various problems faced by Muslims at that time, such as education and a lack of deep understanding of religion. What is the fundamental principle that Muhammadiyah always holds in implementing its programs?

• Following local traditions without consideration

• Adjusting all religious teachings to local culture

• Adhering firmly to the Qur'an and Sunnah as the main foundation

• Prioritizing cooperation with other organizations to obtain funding

• Accepting all forms of religious rituals from outside

The personality of Muhammadiyah is also reflected in its approach to education. Muhammadiyah believes that education is one of the main paths to elevate the status of Muslims. Therefore, Muhammadiyah has established many formal educational institutions, from elementary to higher education. What is the role of education according to Muhammadiyah's personality?

• Teaching knowledge without considering religious values

• Forming a generation that only focuses on worldly life

• Preparing a generation with knowledge and noble character

• Training students to compete in the global world without limits

• Preserving local traditions within the education system

Muhammadiyah always prioritizes an open and tolerant attitude towards differing opinions, both within and outside the organization. This attitude is demonstrated by Muhammadiyah's ability to engage in dialogue and cooperate with various parties without sacrificing the principles that are believed. This attitude reflects Muhammadiyah's personality that...

• Is dogmatic towards one interpretation of religion

• Is exclusive and closed off from outside influences

• Is moderate and prioritizes dialogue

• Is rigid in maintaining its own opinions

• Rejects cooperation with parties that have different views

As an organization that has strong fundamental Islamic principles, Muhammadiyah emphasizes the importance of ukhuwah Islamiyah, which is brotherhood among Muslims. This principle is important to maintain unity and cohesion among the community, especially in facing increasingly complex challenges of the times. How does Muhammadiyah view ukhuwah Islamiyah in relation to national life?

• Ukhuwah only applies among Muhammadiyah members

• Brotherhood among Muslims must be prioritized even if it harms the nation

• Ukhuwah Islamiyah must be maintained to strengthen national unity

• Prioritizing the interests of the organization over ukhuwah

• Only supporting ukhuwah if it aligns with the interests of the organization