Chapter 9 Multicultural Ed Book

What was the purpose of outdoor relief?

• To dole out the punishment for being a vagrant

• To provide food, funds and assistance to the poor people of England and the colonies

• To reduce the burden of poverty on the towns’ people

• To house people as they worked to pay for their care

What was the predominant colonial Protestant attitude toward poverty in the early 1800s?

• Poverty was the result of being slothful and sinful behaviors.

• Poor people were industrious and virtuous.

• It was the colonies' religious obligation to take care of them.

• As long as the people were working, the church would help them make ends meet.

Why were people who had jobs in the colonies living in poverty?

• Wages were high enough but the prices for goods and services were also extremely high.

• Poorhouses provided better conditions to live in than people could buy with the wages they earned so people did not work.

• Colonists were required to work on “poor farms” to feed the poor of the colony, thus cutting down on the time they could work at paying jobs.

• Due to influxes of new immigrants, the competition for jobs allowed employers to keep wages low.

How did the development of machines in the second half of the 1800s affect employment?

• In urban areas jobs for skilled artisans increased because machines were unable to compete with humans

• Wages increased because of the skill needed to operate the machines.

• More people were able to retire due to the increase on wages for factory work.

• Machines streamlined production and farming and eliminated the jobs of many workers.

In the late 1800’s, why were there so many children being adopted?

• It allowed poor fathers and mothers unencumbered opportunity to seek work.

• Families were being punished for being poor.

• The middle class wanted to save children from their poor origins.

• So poorhouses could be turned into nursing homes for the elderly who had no family.

What influence did social reformers have on families by the early 1900s?

• Children were left in the care of their parents rather than taken away.

• Children were removed from homes to allow parents to work.

• Poor families were offered social assistance to stay together.

• Single mothers were ostracized from the towns and children were taken away from them.

Employers exploited workers with long hours and low wages. The workers responded in all of the following ways except by

• Marching on city hall.

• Working quietly when federal troops were called in.

• Striking.

• Barricading buildings and railroad tracks.

What were unions able to accomplish in the early 1900s?

• They were able to get a minimum wage set so that workers would earn a living wage.

• They were active in getting workplace injuries and deaths reduced through stronger safety measures.

• They were instrumental in passing workers compensation laws.

• They were able to get pay for men increased since they were the “head of household.”

During Roosevelt’s tenure as president, the federal government became an employer to thousands of workers through all of the following programs except one of the following:

• Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)

• National War Labor Board (NWLB)

• Civilian Conservation Corps

• Works Progress Administration (WPA)

What was not a legacy of the New Deal programs after they were dismantled during World War II?

• Privatization of social security

• Unemployment insurance

• AmeriCorps and the Peace Corps

• Welfare programs