According to Merrill’s Principles of Instruction, learning is most effective when it is:

• Focused on memorization of facts

• Problem-centered and involves solving real-world problems

• Based solely on reading textbooks

• Limited to classroom lectures

What principle emphasizes that learning is promoted when new knowledge builds on what the learner already knows?

• Application

• Integration

• Activation

• Demonstration

During which phase of the ADDIE model are instructional materials created and activities developed?

• Evaluation

• Design

• Development

• Analysis

Which phase of the ADDIE model focuses on assessing the effectiveness of the instructional system?

• Design

• Evaluation

• Implementation

• Development

Which of the following is the highest level of cognitive skills in Bloom’s Taxonomy?

• Application

• Evaluation

• Understanding

• Creating

In Bloom’s Taxonomy, which level focuses on the learner's ability to recall facts and basic concepts?

• Analysis

• Remembering

• Applying

• Evaluating

Which of the following is the first step in Gagné’s 9 Events of Instruction?

• Presenting the content

• Gaining attention

• Providing feedback

• Enhancing retention

In Gagné’s model, which event involves helping learners apply new knowledge by practicing or performing tasks?

• Eliciting performance

• Providing learning guidance

• Gaining attention

• Presenting the stimulus

In the ASSURE Model, what does the "A" stand for in the first step?

• Analyze learners

• Apply technology

• Assess content

• Arrange materials

Which of the following is the final step in the ASSURE Model?

• Select instructional methods

• Utilize media and materials

• Evaluate and revise

• Require learner participation