Unit 4: Constitution Key Terms

Articles of Confederation

Choose THREE

• first government in United States

• could raise money through taxes

• no executive branch

• had power to declare war, negotiate treaties

Answer explanation

The Articles of Confederation served as the first government in the United States, lacked an executive branch, and had the power to declare war and negotiate treaties, but could not raise money through taxes.

Northwest Ordinance

Choose THREE

• Process for admitting new states to the US

• 60,000 settlers

• Territories govern themselves

• 80,000 settlers

Answer explanation

The Northwest Ordinance established a process for admitting new states, required 60,000 settlers for statehood, and allowed territories to govern themselves, making these the correct choices.

What did the Great Compromise decide?

• How to elect the President

• How to count slaves for representation

• Decided how many representatives large and small states would send to the bicameral Congress

• How to regulate trade

Answer explanation

The Great Compromise established a bicameral Congress, balancing representation by allowing states to send representatives based on population in the House and equal representation in the Senate, addressing the concerns of both large and small states.

What did the Three-Fifths Compromise decide?

• Counting slaves as full persons for representation

• How slaves would be counted for representation and taxation purposes

• Abolishing slavery

• Granting slaves the right to vote

Answer explanation

The Three-Fifths Compromise determined how slaves would be counted for representation and taxation, counting each slave as three-fifths of a person, rather than counting them as full persons or abolishing slavery.

Who were the Federalists?

What did they want?

Choose TWO

• James Madison, Alexander Hamilton

• Supporters of a strong central government

• Advocates for state rights

• Patrick Henry, George Mason

Answer explanation

The Federalists, including James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, supported a strong central government to ensure stability and unity in the new nation, contrasting with advocates for state rights like Patrick Henry and George Mason.

Who were the Anti-Federalists?

What did they want?

Choose TWO

• James Madison, Alexander Hamilton

• Wanted more power to state governments

• No bill of rights

• Patrick Henry, George Mason

Answer explanation

The Anti-Federalists, including Patrick Henry and George Mason, wanted more power to state governments, opposing a strong central government. They advocated for individual rights, which led to the demand for a bill of rights.

What is the purpose of Checks and Balances?

Choose TWO

• To give all power to the President

• To ensure each branch of government has power over the others

• No one branch becomes too powerful

• To allow Congress to override the President

Answer explanation

The purpose of Checks and Balances is to ensure each branch of government has power over the others and to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful, maintaining a balance of power.

Which of the following is a citizen responsibility?

Choose TWO

• Serve in the military

• Vote in elections

• Serve on juries

• Run for office

Answer explanation

Voting in elections and serving on juries are key citizen responsibilities. They ensure participation in democracy and the justice system, respectively, while serving in the military and running for office are not mandatory for all citizens.

What is the Bill of Rights?

Choose THREE

• The Bill of Rights addressed some grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence

• The Bill of Rights protects individual liberties.

• The Bill of Rights is a list of state laws.

• The Bill of Rights was inspired by the English Bill of Rights.

Answer explanation

The Bill of Rights addresses grievances from the Declaration of Independence, protects individual liberties, and is inspired by the English Bill of Rights, making these choices correct.

Freedom of Press

Freedom of Assembly

Freedom to Petition

• 3rd Amendment

• 1st Amendment

• 7th Amendment

• 8th Amendment

Answer explanation

The 1st Amendment guarantees the Freedom of Press, Assembly, and Petition, making it the correct choice. The 3rd, 7th, and 8th Amendments address different rights and do not pertain to these freedoms.