Which of the following are characteristics of nation-states? Select the THREE correct answers.

• People use a common language, such as Russian.
• People share a common history.
• People live in a defined territory.
• People belong to a particular social status, such as the nobility.
• People are members of International Organizations, such as the Red Cross

Which 1848 revolution was successful in meeting the demands of European Radicals?

• Austrian
• Hungarian
• Czech
• French

How were the regimes of Napoleon I and Napoleon III similar?

• Both involved France in many wars of conquest
• Both came to power during a time of political stability
• Both were named President of France following a nationwide election
• Both seized power of the government as Emperors

Which word best describes the results of the 1848 revolts in Europe?

• permanent
• short-lived
• peaceful
• chaotic

Conservatives fought against

• monarchies.
• the old aristocracy.
• constitutional government.
• established churches.

Liberals wanted governments to be based on

• divine right.
• nationalism.
• the economy.
• written constitutions.

Which of the following goals represents conservative ideology in Europe in the early 1800s?

• restoration of power to royal families
• establishment of a homeland for each national group
• support for freedom of the press
• tolerance for religious differences

Which statement would a conservative who lived during the early 1800s support?

• Government works best when it is limited.
• Monarchies need to be replaced with democratic republics.
• Monarchies should be sustained in order to keep public order.
• The preservation of personal liberties is the goal of good government.

When can nationalism be a unifying force?

• when people who speak the same language decide to create their own country out of many states
• when people who share a common culture decide to separate from a foreign empire
• when people who resent being conquered by another country rebel against their control
• when people who want to change their government force a monarch to renounce his throne

Which event encouraged Alexander II to modernize Russia?

• The death of Czar Nicholas I in 1855
• The Russian defeat in the Crimean War in 1856
• A Hungarian uprising against the Austrian Empire in 1848
• A Polish revolt against Russian rule in 1830