Checkpoint 3

What does the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram primarily show?

• The life cycle of a star

• The relationship between a star's luminosity and temperature

• The distance of stars from Earth

• The chemical composition of stars

Which type of galaxy is characterized by a lack of a defined shape?

• Spiral galaxy

• Elliptical galaxy

• Irregular galaxy

• Barred spiral galaxy

In the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, where are the hottest stars located?

• Top right

• Bottom left

• Top left

• Bottom right

What is the main characteristic of spiral galaxies?

• They have a spherical shape

• They have a flat, rotating disk with arms

• They have no defined structure

• They are composed mostly of old stars

Which type of galaxy is typically the oldest and contains mostly older stars?

• Spiral galaxy

• Elliptical galaxy

• Irregular galaxy

• Lenticular galaxy

What does luminosity measure in a star?

• The star's temperature

• The star's brightness

• The star's distance from Earth

• The star's size

In the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, what is the main sequence?

• A group of stars that are all the same age

• A diagonal band where most stars are found

• A region where only red giants are located

• A section for white dwarfs

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

Which of the following is a characteristic of spiral galaxies?

• They have a smooth, featureless light profile

• They contain mostly older stars

• They have well-defined spiral arms

• They are generally more massive than spiral galaxies

What is the typical shape of an irregular galaxy?

• Spherical

• Disk-like

• No defined shape

• Elliptical

Which of the following best describes the temperature of a star?

• It is measured in light years

• It is the same for all stars

• It determines the star's color

• It is unrelated to the star's luminosity