PSY 111 L9

Mental imagery activates which parts of the brain?

• Occipital lobes and motor cortex

• Parietal lobes and frontal cortex

• Temporal lobes and cerebellum

• Amygdala and hippocampus

What is a formal concept?

• A concept formed as a result of real-world experiences

• A concept that is defined by specific rules or features

• An example of a concept that matches defining characteristics

• A mental generalization about objects and events

Which of the following is an example of a prototype?

• Thinking of a crow when asked to name a bird

• Identifying a table as an example of furniture

• Using a mathematical formula to solve a problem

• Solving a puzzle through trial and error

What is a script in relation to schemas?

• A mental generalization about a series of events

• A heuristic used for decision-making

• A formal concept of specific tasks

• A step-by-step algorithm for problem-solving

What problem-solving strategy involves trying multiple solutions until one works?

• Heuristics

• Trial and error

• Insight

• Algorithms

An algorithm differs from a heuristic because it:

• Is based on personal experiences

• Will always lead to a correct solution if one exists

• Only applies to a specific situation

• Is faster but less accurate

Which of the following best describes a heuristic?

• A trial-and-error approach

• A rule of thumb used to simplify decision-making

• A formula for solving a problem

• An exact solution to a problem

The availability heuristic refers to:

• A cognitive shortcut based on the ease with which we can recall examples

• A cognitive process where we use rules to solve problems

• Solving problems by working backward from the goal

• The assumption that something is true based on previous experiences

Insight learning occurs when:

• You apply a step-by-step process to reach a solution

• You suddenly realize the solution to a problem

• You narrow down possibilities using a heuristic

• You gradually form a concept based on previous knowledge

Which of the following is a barrier to problem-solving?

• Algorithms

• Mental set

• Insight

• Convergent thinking