Reading Quiz (8.1-8.2)

Which are the main points of the cell theory? Select all that apply.

• Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.

• New cells are produced from existing cells.

• All cells enclose their DNA within a nucleus.

• All living things are made up of cells.

The invention of which instrument allowed scientists to discover cells?

• eyeglasses

• magnifying glass

• microscope

• telescope

Which describes a light microscope but not an electron microscope?

• uses a beam of light to produce magnified images

• has very high magnification power

• can be used to study cells and cell structure

• requires a computer to operate

The illustrations are models of cells and cell organelles. Which model shows a prokaryotic cell?

• I

• II

• III

• IV

Which describes a eukaryotic cell, but not a prokaryotic cell?

• uses DNA to control cell activities

• is surrounded by a cell membrane

• makes and uses proteins

• contains DNA in a nucleus

Josey wants to look at the cells of an onion under a light microscope. She peels off a thin, transparent layer of onion and places it on a microscope slide. Josey places the sample on the microscope stage, looks through the eyepiece, and adjusts the stage to focus the image. However, she is unable to see any details of the cells. Which of the following solutions will best enable Josey to see the onion cells in detail?

• Josey should use a thicker piece of onion for her sample.

• Josey should place her onion sample in a vacuum.

• Josey should place a drop of water on her sample.

• Josey should apply a stain, such as iodine, to her sample.

Which of these structures are present in plant cells, but not animal cells?

• cell wall and cell membrane

• cell membrane and mitochondria

• cell wall and chloroplasts

• mitochondria and chloroplasts

A student is developing a model to show how most proteins are synthesized in animal cells. Which organelles would be LEAST useful for the student to include in the model?

• ribosomes

• endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

• chloroplasts

The cell membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer as shown in the model. Which of the following describes the structure and function of the cell membrane?

• The hydrophilic head groups of the lipid molecules are exposed to the outside of the cell and the cytoplasm, which is a water-like environment. The hydrophobic tails form an oily layer inside the membrane that keeps water out of the cell.

• The hydrophilic head groups of the lipid molecules are exposed to the outside of the cell and the cytoplasm, which is a water-like environment. The hydrophobic tails form an oily layer inside the membrane that allows water to enter the cell.

• The hydrophobic head groups of the lipid molecules are exposed to the outside of the cell and the cytoplasm, which is a water-like environment. The hydrophilic tails form an oily layer inside the membrane that keeps water out of the cell.

• The hydrophobic head groups of the lipid molecules are exposed to the outside of the cell and the cytoplasm, which is a water-like environment. The hydrophilic tails form an oily layer inside the membrane that allows water to enter the cell.

A student is comparing the cells of a prokaryote, an animal, and a plant. Identifying which two cell parts would show that the cell was a plant cell, and not a cell of a prokaryote or an animal?

• nucleus and mitochondria

• cell wall and chloroplast

• cell wall and cell membrane

• cell m