Week 5

Syntax can be related to Mathematics.

• True

• False

Which of the elements below does NOT constitute a structural relation?

• Ambiguity

• Branch

• Label

• Node

Which of the following best describes the difference between a node and a label in syntax?

• • A node represents the hierarchical position in a tree diagram, while a label specifies the category or type of phrase at that node.

• • A node identifies individual words, while a label combines sentences.

• • A node indicates the beginning of a sentence, and a label marks the end of a sentence.

• • A node is only used in semantics, and a label is only used in phonology.

In a syntax tree, what does a terminal node represent?

• • The entire sentence.

• • A label like NP or VP.

• • The main idea of the sentence.

• • A word that doesn’t branch further.

In a syntactic tree, what does it mean for one node to dominate another?

• • It contains no lexical items.

• • It is above another node and includes it in its structure.

• • It is connected to the sentence’s root node.

• • It always represents a noun phrase.

What does the DP below dominate?

                   DP

            / \

                   D        N

• D

• N

• None.

• Both D and N.

A node exhaustively dominates a group of nodes if it includes all those nodes and no others.

• True

• False

A node immediately dominates another node if they are not directly connected in the tree structure.

• True

• False

Why are syntactic structures represented as "tree diagrams"?

• Choose the WRONG answer.

• • They are only used to analyze phonetic structures.

• • They illustrate familiar relationships like daughter and sister nodes.

• • They show the structure of sentences in a branching format.

• • They visually represent hierarchical relationships in syntax.

Precedence refers to the order in which elements appear in a sentence, determining which words or phrases come before or after others.

• True

• False