Exploring Galvanic Cells and Potentials

What is the standard electrode potential of a galvanic cell?

• The potential difference between the anode and cathode under standard conditions.

• The potential difference between the anode and cathode under non-standard conditions.

• The potential difference between two identical electrodes.

• The potential difference between the anode and cathode at equilibrium.

Answer explanation

The standard electrode potential of a galvanic cell is defined as the potential difference between the anode and cathode under standard conditions, which allows for consistent comparison of different cells.

Which of the following correctly represents the cell notation for a galvanic cell?

• Anode | Cathode || Salt Bridge

• Cathode | Anode || Salt Bridge

• Anode | Salt Bridge || Cathode

• Anode || Cathode | Salt Bridge

Answer explanation

The correct cell notation for a galvanic cell is 'Anode | Cathode || Salt Bridge'. This format indicates the anode and cathode separated by a double line representing the salt bridge, which completes the circuit.

Which type of galvanic cell is commonly used in household batteries?

• Lead-acid cell

• Nickel-cadmium cell

• Lithium-ion cell

• Alkaline cell

Answer explanation

The alkaline cell is the most common type of galvanic cell used in household batteries due to its long shelf life and stable voltage output, making it ideal for everyday devices like remote controls and toys.

What is one common application of galvanic cells?

• Electroplating

• Powering electronic devices

• Electrolysis of water

• Purification of metals

Answer explanation

Galvanic cells are commonly used to power electronic devices by converting chemical energy into electrical energy, making them essential for batteries and portable electronics.

In the electrochemical series, which element is the strongest oxidant?

• Fluorine

• Oxygen

• Chlorine

• Bromine

Answer explanation

Fluorine is the strongest oxidant in the electrochemical series due to its high electronegativity and ability to attract electrons, making it more effective at oxidizing other substances compared to oxygen, chlorine, and bromine.

What is the standard reduction potential of hydrogen?

• 0.00 V

• 1.00 V

• -0.76 V

• 0.76 V

Answer explanation

The standard reduction potential of hydrogen is defined as 0.00 V. This value serves as a reference point for measuring the potentials of other half-reactions in electrochemistry.

How do you calculate the cell potential of a galvanic cell?

• Subtract the anode potential from the cathode potential.

• Add the anode potential to the cathode potential.

• Subtract the cathode potential from the anode potential.

• Multiply the anode potential by the cathode potential.

Answer explanation

To calculate the cell potential of a galvanic cell, you subtract the anode potential from the cathode potential. This reflects the difference in energy between the two electrodes, leading to the correct choice.

Which of the following is a strong reductant?

• Lithium

• Fluorine

• Oxygen

• Chlorine

Answer explanation

Lithium is a strong reductant because it readily donates electrons in chemical reactions, making it highly reactive. In contrast, fluorine, oxygen, and chlorine are strong oxidants, not reductants.

What is the role of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

• To provide a path for electron flow.

• To maintain electrical neutrality.

• To increase the cell potential.

• To decrease the cell potential.

Answer explanation

The salt bridge in a galvanic cell maintains electrical neutrality by allowing the flow of ions between the two half-cells. This prevents charge buildup, ensuring the cell can continue to operate effectively.

Which of the following is NOT a type of galvanic cell?

• Dry cell

• Fuel cell

• Electrolytic cell

• Daniell cell

Answer explanation

An electrolytic cell is not a type of galvanic cell; it uses external energy to drive a non-spontaneous reaction. In contrast, dry cells, fuel cells, and Daniell cells are all types of galvanic cells that generate electricity spontaneously.