Industrial Revolution Test Review

1. During the late 1800s, which development led to the other three?

• (1) formation of labor unions
• (2) increased demand for natural resources
• (3) federal regulation of business trusts
• (4) growth of industry

2. In the late 1800s, rapid industrial development resulted in

• (1) a decrease in tariff rates
• (2) a decrease in population growth
• (3) an increase in the rate of urbanization
• (4) an increase in the price of farm products

3. The formation of national labor unions in the late 1800s was mainly a response to

• (1) passage of federal laws that favored workers
• (2) laws restricting immigration and naturalization
• (3) poor working conditions and low wages in many industries
• (4) economic depressions that had led to high unemployment

4. Many of the business trusts created in the late 1800s were eventually declared illegal primarily because they

• (1) eliminated competition by forming monopolies
• (2) combined companies that manufactured different products
• (3) donated large sums of money to political candidates
• (4) allowed children to work under unsafe conditions

5. During the late 1800s, what was a major effect of industrialization on workers in the United States?

• (1) Membership in labor unions declined.
• (2) Workers migrated to rural regions.
• (3) Most factory jobs became service industry jobs.
• (4) Skilled craftsmen were replaced by semiskilled machine operators.

6. During the late 19th century, businesses tried to maximize profits by

• (1) eliminating tariffs
• (2) supporting labor unions
• (3) resisting laissez-faire policies
• (4) creating monopolies

7. Which pairing matches a 19th-century business leader with the industry he developed?

• (1) Cornelius Vanderbilt—textile
• (2) Andrew Carnegie—meatpacking
• (3) J. P. Morgan—sugar
• (4) John D. Rockefeller—oil

8. Mass production is a term that can best be defined as the

• (1) number of hours employees are required to work
• (2) manufacture of large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply
• (3) profit made by a large business or corporation
• (4) formation of a business monopoly

9. One advantage that corporations of the late 1800s had over individually-owned businesses is that corporations

• (1) needed fewer employees
• (2) hired only skilled workers
• (3) received the support of labor unions
• (4) had stockholders who invested money

10. Antitrust laws such as the Sherman Antitrust Act were passed by Congress in an effort to

• (1) regulate the power of big business
• (2) limit low-priced imported goods
• (3) encourage more immigration
• (4) provide safer consumer products