11-18-20-2024 Article 3: The Supreme Court and other courts

“The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.” What does this quote describe?

• The structure and powers of the legislative branch

• The structure and powers of the executive branch

• The structure and powers of the judicial branch

• The process of amending the Constitution

What is the jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court? Article 3, Section 2: To all Cases?

• To all Cases in Law and Equity

• To all Criminal Cases

• To all Civil Cases

• To all State Cases

Judges are appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court by which process?

• Nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate

• Elected by the public

• Appointed by the Chief Justice

• Selected by the House of Representatives

Who were the original 6 Supreme Court justices?

• John Jay, John Rutledge, William Cushing, James Wilson, John Blair, and James Iredell

• Oliver Ellsworth, Samuel Chase, Bushrod Washington, Alfred Moore, William Paterson, and Thomas Johnson

• Roger B. Taney, Joseph Story, Smith Thompson, John McLean, Henry Baldwin, and James M. Wayne

• Salmon P. Chase, Nathan Clifford, Noah H. Swayne, Samuel F. Miller, David Davis, and Stephen J. Field

The original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court refers to the authority to hear cases for the first time. What are its limits?

• It is limited to cases involving states or ambassadors.

• It includes all federal cases.

• It covers all criminal cases.

• It is unlimited.

What is appellate jurisdiction?

• The authority of a court to hear a case for the first time

• The authority of a court to review decisions made by lower courts

• The power of a court to issue a writ of habeas corpus

• The ability of a court to interpret the constitution

Match the following courts with their descriptions.

• The legislative chamber that conducts impeachment trials.

• Supreme Court

• The general trial courts of the United States federal court system.

• Court of Appeals

• The highest federal court in the United States.

• District Court

• Courts that hear appeals from the district courts located within its circuit.

• Senate

Treason is defined as (a)  

• A betrayal of trust or confidence
• An act of violence against a person
• A legal term for theft
• A form of protest

How is someone convicted of Treason?

• By a confession in open court

• By the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act

• By a unanimous decision of the jury

• By a presidential decree

The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted. What does this quote mean?

• Congress can declare punishment for treason, but it cannot affect the family or property of the person after their death.

• Congress can declare punishment for treason, and it can affect the family or property of the person indefinitely.

• Congress has no power to declare punishment for treason.

• Congress can only declare punishment for treason during wartime.