Exploring Early Atomic Models

What is the main postulate of Dalton's Atomic Theory?

• Different elements have the same type of atoms.

• Atoms can be created and destroyed.

• All matter is made of indivisible atoms.

• All matter is composed of molecules.

How did Dalton's theory change the understanding of matter?

• Matter is composed of continuous substances without distinct particles.

• Dalton's theory suggested that all matter is made of liquid forms.

• Atoms can be divided into smaller particles according to Dalton's theory.

• Dalton's theory changed the understanding of matter by proposing that it is made up of indivisible atoms, fundamentally altering the concept of chemical substances.

What was the significance of Thomson's Plum Pudding Model?

• It suggested that electrons are the only components of atoms.

• It established the existence of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

• It introduced the concept of electrons within a positively charged medium, challenging the notion of indivisible atoms.

• It proposed that atoms are indivisible particles.

What experiment did J.J. Thomson conduct to discover the electron?

• J.J. Thomson used a beaker experiment to discover the electron.

• J.J. Thomson discovered the electron using a magnetic field experiment.

• J.J. Thomson conducted a gold foil experiment to discover the electron.

• J.J. Thomson used a cathode ray tube experiment to discover the electron.

What were the key findings of Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment?

• Atoms have a small, dense nucleus; most of the atom is empty space.

• The nucleus is large and occupies most of the atom's volume.

• Electrons are located in the nucleus of the atom.

• Atoms are solid and indivisible; there is no empty space.

How did Rutherford's experiment challenge the Plum Pudding Model?

• Rutherford's experiment showed that atoms have a dense nucleus, challenging the Plum Pudding Model's idea of a uniform distribution of charge.

• The experiment showed that electrons are evenly distributed throughout the atom.

• Rutherford's experiment confirmed the Plum Pudding Model's accuracy.

• Rutherford discovered that atoms are mostly empty space with no nucleus.

What did Dalton propose about the indivisibility of atoms?

• Dalton claimed atoms can be split into smaller parts.

• Dalton believed atoms are made of protons and electrons.

• Dalton stated that atoms are the smallest units of matter.

• Dalton proposed that atoms are indivisible.

What was the role of cathode rays in Thomson's experiments?

• Cathode rays were used to demonstrate the existence of electrons and their negative charge.

• Cathode rays were responsible for the discovery of protons.

• Cathode rays were used to create high-energy lasers.

• Cathode rays were used to measure the speed of light.

How did Rutherford determine the size of the atomic nucleus?

• Rutherford determined the nucleus size by measuring atomic mass.

• Rutherford determined the size of the atomic nucleus through the gold foil experiment.

• Rutherford used a cathode ray tube experiment.

• Rutherford calculated the nucleus size using X-ray diffraction.

What are the limitations of Dalton's Atomic Theory?

• Atoms can be created and destroyed in chemical reactions.

• Limitations include the existence of isotopes, indivisibility of atoms, behavior of subatomic particles, and electron involvement in bonding.

• Atoms can be divided into smaller particles without losing their properties.

• All atoms of an element are identical in mass and properties.