Enzymes and Metabolic Pathways Quiz (Chapter 7)

Describe the relationship among metabolism, catabolism, and anabolism.

• Metabolism is the breakdown of molecules, while catabolism and anabolism are the synthesis of molecules.

• Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in a cell, with catabolism breaking down molecules and anabolism building them up.

• Catabolism and anabolism are unrelated processes that occur independently of metabolism.

• Anabolism is the breakdown of molecules, while catabolism is the synthesis of molecules.

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Fully describe the structure and function of enzymes.

• Enzymes are lipids that speed up chemical reactions by providing energy.

• Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

• Enzymes are carbohydrates that store energy for cellular processes.

• Enzymes are nucleic acids that carry genetic information.

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Differentiate between constitutive and inducible enzymes.

• Constitutive enzymes are always present, while inducible enzymes are produced only in response to a substrate.

• Inducible enzymes are always present, while constitutive enzymes are produced only in response to a substrate.

• Both constitutive and inducible enzymes are always present in equal amounts.

• Constitutive enzymes are produced only in response to a substrate, while inducible enzymes are always present.

Differentiate between endoenzymes and exoenzymes.

• Endoenzymes function outside the cell, while exoenzymes function inside the cell.

• Exoenzymes function outside the cell, while endoenzymes function inside the cell.

• Both endoenzymes and exoenzymes function outside the cell.

• Both endoenzymes and exoenzymes function inside the cell.

Describe how S. pyogenes uses enzymes to cause necrotizing fasciitis.

• S. pyogenes uses enzymes to build up tissue, preventing necrosis.

• S. pyogenes uses enzymes to break down tissue, facilitating the spread of infection.

• S. pyogenes uses enzymes to neutralize toxins, preventing tissue damage.

• S. pyogenes uses enzymes to strengthen the immune response, reducing infection spread.

Name the chemical in which energy is stored in cells.

• DNA

• ATP

• RNA

• Glucose

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Identify electron carriers used by cells.

• NADH and FADH2

• ATP and ADP

• DNA and RNA

• Glucose and Fructose

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Name the three main catabolic pathways and the estimated ATP yield for each.

• Glycolysis (2 ATP), Krebs cycle (2 ATP), Electron transport chain (34 ATP)

• Glycolysis (4 ATP), Krebs cycle (4 ATP), Electron transport chain (30 ATP)

• Glycolysis (2 ATP), Krebs cycle (4 ATP), Electron transport chain (32 ATP)

• Glycolysis (2 ATP), Krebs cycle (2 ATP), Electron transport chain (36 ATP)

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Describe the process of glycolysis.

• Glycolysis is the process of converting glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH.

• Glycolysis is the process of converting pyruvate into glucose, consuming ATP.

• Glycolysis is the process of converting glucose into glycogen, storing energy.

• Glycolysis is the process of converting ATP into ADP, releasing energy.

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State two ways in which anaerobic respiration differs from aerobic respiration.

• Anaerobic respiration uses oxygen and produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.

• Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen and produces less ATP than aerobic respiration.

• Anaerobic respiration uses oxygen and produces less ATP than aerobic respiration.

• Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen and produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.

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