VCE U2 Psychology

Person perception is best defined as:

• The process of forming impressions about oneself

• The different mental processes used to

  understand and form impressions of other people

• Remembering facts about a person

• Evaluating one’s own abilities and traits

Attribution refers to:

• Explaining the behaviour of others based solely on situational factors

• An evaluation made about the causes of behaviour and the process of making this evaluation

• The tendency to conform to group behaviours

• The process of learning through observation

According to the Tri-component Model of Attitudes, the components of an attitude are:

• Affective, Behavioural, Cognitive

• Cognitive, Judgmental, Emotional

• Personal, Social, Environmental

• Attentive, Behavioural, Cognitive

The Affective Component of an attitude is related to:

• Beliefs and thoughts about an object

• Actions taken toward an object

• Feelings and emotions toward an object

• Cultural influences

Actor-Observer Bias is the tendency to:

• Attribute our own actions to internal factors

• Attribute others’ actions to external factors

• Attribute our own actions to external factors and others' actions to internal factors

• Assume that others share the same views as us

Cognitive Dissonance occurs when:

• Our beliefs and actions are aligned

• We feel comfortable with our decisions

• Our thoughts, feelings, or behaviours are in conflict

• We agree with others in a group

Confirmation Bias is best described as:

• The tendency to change opinions easily

• Looking for evidence that supports existing beliefs while ignoring contradictory information

• Seeking out new perspectives constantly

• A balanced approach to evaluating information

In Self-Serving Bias, people attribute their successes to _____ factors and their failures to _____ factors:

• external; external

• external; internal

• internal; external

• internal; internal

The Halo Effect suggests that:

• Judging one quality of a person influences beliefs about other qualities

• Negative traits are likely to overshadow positive traits

• Judgements about people are unbiased

• People’s beliefs and attitudes align consistently

Heuristics in psychology are:

• Cognitive biases that distort judgement

• Information-processing shortcuts for quick decision-making

• Methods used to improve memory

• Strategies to challenge stereotypes