Earth Science - Summative Assessment 2.1

Which of the following best describes weathering?

• The process by which rocks are exposed to severe weather.

• The process by which rocks are formed by heat and pressure.

• The mechanical or chemical process by which rocks are broken down.

• The process by which rocks are chemically strengthened due to exposure to heat and pressure.

Which of the following is NOT an example of physical weathering?

• Freeze-thaw

• Wind blowing sand onto a rock

• Plant that grows on the cracks of the rocks

• Abrasion due to the movement of glaciers

In hydration, water is an active agent of chemical weathering. What happens when water loosely combines with the minerals of the rock?

• cements them together

• converts the mineral into another kind

• transports the rock into a lower altitude

• weakens the molecular binding of the minerals

Weak organic acids are produced by the action of the growing roots of lichens. These acids react with some minerals in rocks resulting in the decomposition of rocks. How will you classify this process?

• Physical weathering

• Chemical weathering

• Biological weathering through physical means

• Biological weathering through chemical compounds

What are the two things that affect the rate of weathering?

• time and date

• type of rock and climate

• rain and ice

• size of rock and time of the year

Why is Earth considered as a thermal engine?

• The main source of internal energy is the sun.

• The moon gives energy to earth and convert it to thermal energy.

• The pressure of the materials in the crust causes materials to be molten.

• The main source of heat comes from the decay of some naturally occurring isotopes from its interior.

What happened to the amount of heat from crust down to the core?

• It is equal.

• It becomes lower.

• It becomes higher.

• It cannot be determined.

Earth was formed about 4. 6 billion years ago. Which of the following pertains to the process by which gasses and dust of cloud were attracted by the gravitational energy?

• Accretion

• Solidification

• Gravitational pull

• Planetesimal

There are several sources that contribute to the internal heat of the earth. Which of the following is NOT a major process that contributed to Earth’s internal heat?

• heat from radioactivity of radioactive isotopes within the Earth’s core

• heat released by colliding particles during the formation of the planet

• heat released as iron crystallized to form the inner core

• heat from the sun since the beginning of Earth history

Heat can be transferred from one plate of the earth to the other. What type of heat transfer exists between the plate boundaries?

• Radiation

• Convection

• Conduction

• Thermal transfer