Physical Science Final Exam

Select all the correct locations on the image. Which items are matter?

Select all the correct answers. Consider this statement: Air is matter. Which facts best support the statement?

• Air is not an element.

• Air is essential for life to exist.

• Air has mass.

• To float on air is to be happy.

• Balloons can be filled with air.

Answer explanation

Air has mass, which is a key characteristic of matter. Additionally, balloons can be filled with air, demonstrating that air occupies space and can be contained, further supporting that air is indeed matter.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Drag each tile to the correct box. Sort the types of energy according to the order in which they move through this system: Water stored in dams falls freely with the force to make a turbine move. The turbine moves and produces electricity. This electric energy is supplied to homes. At home, we use electricity for heating, cooling, and lighting.

e

f

g

h

Kinetic

Potential Energy -> Mechanical Energy -> Electrical Energy -> Thermal Energy

Mechanical Energy -> Electrical Energy -> Potential Energy -> Kinetic Energy

Potential

Electrical

Mechanical

Kinetic Energy -> Potential Energy -> Electrical Energy -> Mechanical Energy

Potential Energy -> Kinetic Energy -> Mechanical E

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Read the following sentence. A popular tourist attraction, the crater is used by NASA to train astronauts because its terrain resembles the surface of the moon. Which word has the same root word as the word terrain?

• determine

• terrible

• territory

Answer explanation

The word 'terrain' comes from the Latin root 'terra', meaning land. 'Territory' shares this root, referring to land or area. 'Determine' and 'terrible' do not share this root, making 'territory' the correct choice.

Read passage 30963 to answer this question. Which is the purpose of this article?

• to explain the effects of the impact of a meteorite

• to demonstrate a lesson about the importance of scientific research

• to describe new technology that scientists use to study meteorites

Answer explanation

The article focuses on explaining the effects of meteorite impacts, making 'to explain the effects of the impact of a meteorite' the correct choice. The other options do not align with the main purpose of the passage.

Select the correct answer. Avogadro’s number is a constant that helps scientists count atoms and molecules. It is approximately equal to 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000. How is this number expressed in scientific notation?

• 6.02 x 10^1

• 6.02 x 10^18

• 6.02 x 10^23

• 6.02 x 10^2

• 6.02 x 10^23

Answer explanation

Avogadro's number is approximately 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000. In scientific notation, this is expressed as 6.02 x 10^23, which represents the number of particles in a mole.

Select the correct answer. Which of the following is a physical model of the Sun?

• an equation that describes the Sun’s motion

• a chart that lists the temperatures of different parts of the Sun

• a computer program that shows how the Sun changes over time

• a paragraph that describes the Sun’s structure

• a small yellow ball that represents the Sun

Answer explanation

A small yellow ball that represents the Sun is a physical model, as it provides a tangible representation of the Sun's size and appearance. The other options are abstract or descriptive, not physical models.

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. A ball starts from rest. It rolls down a ramp and reaches the ground after 4 seconds. Its final velocity when it reaches the ground is 7.0 meters/second. The initial velocity of the ball is [ ] meters/second, and its acceleration is [ ] meters/second².

• Initial velocity: 0, Acceleration: 1.75

• Initial velocity: 0, Acceleration: 7

• Initial velocity: 1.75, Acceleration: 7

• Initial velocity: 7, Acceleration: 0

• Initial velocity: 1.75, Acceleration: 0

Answer explanation

The ball starts from rest, so the initial velocity is 0 m/s. To find acceleration, use the formula: final velocity = initial velocity + (acceleration × time). Rearranging gives acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time = (7 - 0) / 4 = 1.75 m/s².

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Select the correct answer. An airplane is flying at a constant speed in a positive direction. It slows down when it approaches the airport where it's going to land. Which term describes the slowing of the plane?

• stationary

• positive velocity

• positive acceleration

• negative acceleration

• constant velocity

Answer explanation

The airplane is slowing down, which means it is experiencing a decrease in speed. This is referred to as negative acceleration, as it indicates a reduction in the velocity of the plane.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. Andrew pokes a marble, and the marble rolls down a ramp. The marble moves with speed. Which forces are acting on the marble in this situation?

• gravitational force pulls it down

• an applied force

• tension

• normal

• friction

Answer explanation

The gravitational force pulls the marble down the ramp, while Andrew's poke provides an applied force that initiates its motion. Tension, normal, and friction forces are not significant in this scenario.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4