What is the basic unit of DNA?

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

• Protein

• Lipid

Which of the following pairs correctly represents the nucleotide pairing in DNA?

• Adenine - Cytosine

• Guanine - Thymine

• Adenine - Thymine

• Cytosine - Thymine

What is the primary function of chromosomes in a cell?

• To produce energy

• To store genetic information

• To digest nutrients

• To transport proteins

Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

• Single helix

• Double helix

• Triple helix

• Quadruple helix

How do genes influence traits in an organism?

• By producing energy

• By coding for proteins

• By breaking down nutrients

• By storing fat

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Describe the role of the sugar-phosphate backbone in the structure of DNA.

• It provides the genetic code

• It stabilizes the DNA structure

• It binds to proteins

• It breaks down DNA

What would happen if a mutation occurred in a gene on a chromosome?

• The organism would always die

• The organism would become a different species

• The trait coded by the gene might change

• The chromosome would disappear

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Predict the effect of a change in the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.

• It will have no effect

• It could alter the protein produced

• It will always cause a disease

• It will make the DNA stronger

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Analyze how the structure of DNA allows it to be copied accurately.

• The double helix structure allows for easy separation of strands.

• The single helix structure prevents errors.

• The triple helix structure ensures stability.

• The quadruple helix structure allows for multiple copies.

Evaluate the importance of nucleotide pairing in maintaining the integrity of genetic information.

• It is not important

• It ensures that DNA can be replicated accurately

• It allows for random mutations

• It prevents DNA from being copied

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1